Prácticas de crianza y patrones culturales paternos: Junta Vecinal Las Guerreras del Sector Clementina I, La Esperanza – Trujillo, 2023
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación se propone describir los patrones culturales que repercuten en las prácticas de crianza de las integrantes de la Junta Vecinal “Las Guerreras”, a partir de un enfoque culturalista y educativo concerniente a las teorías brindadas por Melville Herskovits (1948) y George Spindler (1993), respectivamente. Para ello se contó con una muestra de 30 mujeres, que forman parte de la Junta Vecinal “Las Guerreras” del Sector Clementina Peralta, son mayores de 15 años, madres de familia y que compartieron las actividades de crianza junto al padre de sus hijos. Se aplicaron métodos de carácter cuantitativo, como el estadístico, y cualitativos, como el etnográfico e hipotético – deductivo, siendo la guía de entrevista la herramienta principal para recolectar la información. Los resultados hallados indican que en las madres entrevistadas se destacan patrones positivos, como la trasmisión de la historia familiar (73%), y la enseñanza a través de la práctica de labores y actitudes (90%), y patrones negativos, como la división de roles domésticos en base al género (76%), y las exigencias a través de discursos (56%). Lo que genera que se desarrollen prácticas de crianza de los hijos caracterizadas por el uso de estímulos (73%), castigos (93%), y por el establecimiento de una confianza y comunicación unilateral (80%). De tal manera, la investigación llegó a la conclusión de que entre las madres predominan patrones negativos, los cuales repercuten de manera negativa en el ejercicio de prácticas de crianza de los hijos, debido a que estas se influencian de la ideología machista marcada en los patrones culturales aprendidos por la muestra de estudio cuando eran pequeños.
ABSTRACT This research aims to describe the cultural patterns that impact the parenting practices of the members of the "Las Guerreras" Neighborhood Association, based on a culturalist and educational approach concerning the theories provided by Melville Herskovits (1948) and George Spindler (1993), respectively. The study involved a sample of 30 women from the "Las Guerreras" Neighborhood Association in the Clementina Peralta Sector, all of whom are over 15 years old, mothers, and shared parenting activities with the father of their children. Quantitative methods, such as statistical analysis, and qualitative methods, including ethnographic and hypothetical-deductive approaches, were applied, with the interview guide serving as the main tool for data collection. The findings indicate that the interviewed mothers exhibit positive patterns, such as the transmission of family history (73%), and teaching through the practice of tasks and attitudes (90%), as well as negative patterns, such as the division of domestic roles based on gender (76%), and demands through discourse (56%). This leads to the development of parenting practices characterized by the use of stimuli (73%), punishments (93%), and the establishment of unilateral trust and communication (80%). Consequently, the research concluded that negative patterns predominate among the mothers, which adversely affect the exercise of parenting practices, due to the influence of sexist ideology marked in the cultural patterns learned by the study sample in their childhood.
ABSTRACT This research aims to describe the cultural patterns that impact the parenting practices of the members of the "Las Guerreras" Neighborhood Association, based on a culturalist and educational approach concerning the theories provided by Melville Herskovits (1948) and George Spindler (1993), respectively. The study involved a sample of 30 women from the "Las Guerreras" Neighborhood Association in the Clementina Peralta Sector, all of whom are over 15 years old, mothers, and shared parenting activities with the father of their children. Quantitative methods, such as statistical analysis, and qualitative methods, including ethnographic and hypothetical-deductive approaches, were applied, with the interview guide serving as the main tool for data collection. The findings indicate that the interviewed mothers exhibit positive patterns, such as the transmission of family history (73%), and teaching through the practice of tasks and attitudes (90%), as well as negative patterns, such as the division of domestic roles based on gender (76%), and demands through discourse (56%). This leads to the development of parenting practices characterized by the use of stimuli (73%), punishments (93%), and the establishment of unilateral trust and communication (80%). Consequently, the research concluded that negative patterns predominate among the mothers, which adversely affect the exercise of parenting practices, due to the influence of sexist ideology marked in the cultural patterns learned by the study sample in their childhood.
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Keywords
Conductas machistas, Endoculturación, Patrones de género