Análisis semiótico de la representación de los trastornos mentales en la serie Euphoria de HBO
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la representación de los trastornos mentales en la serie Euphoria de HBO desde la perspectiva semiótica, describiendo los aspectos semánticos, sintácticos y pragmáticos de la producción televisiva, a fin de explicar la estructura de lenguaje con la que representa audiovisualmente una idea y realidad cultural, pues estas estructuras son las que le otorgan sentido. Por un lado, la dimensión semántica abarca el análisis de las relaciones entre los signos con los objetos que evocan; la dimensión sintáctica abarca el análisis formal de las relaciones entre los signos, y la dimensión pragmática abarca el estudio de la relación entre signos e interpretantes en el contexto donde ocurre la situación comunicativa. La realidad representada a analizar son los trastornos mentales, definidas como alteraciones significativas de la cognición, regulación de emociones y/o comportamiento de una persona a consecuencia o no de una causa orgánica evidenciable o sospechosa y fuertemente influenciada por factores psicosociales. Euphoria plantea una narrativa sobre el trastorno mental por consumo de sustancias a través de la estética, el estilo musical, la fotografía y la construcción de un personaje que lucha con ello. La muestra se determinó a través de la técnica del muestreo no probabilístico del tipo por conveniencia. La investigación empleó el análisis descriptivo, de donde se recopilaron unidades de análisis de cada capítulo que fueron codificadas y categorizadas para su posterior interpretación. Se concluye que la representación de los trastornos mentales en la serie Euphoria de HBO desde la perspectiva semiótica es compleja, multidimensional y destaca las funciones expresiva y narrativa a través la puesta en escena, la puesta en cuadro, la puesta en serie, la construcción del personaje desde su rol y como persona, los códigos visuales y sonoros, las unidades narrativas mínimas y el establecimiento de conexiones emocionales constituidas a partir de mediaciones individuales y socioculturales, que permiten comprender los trastornos mentales desde una mirada desafiante de las convenciones sociales y una narrativa no estigmatizante.
The present research aimed to determine the representation of mental disorders in the HBO series Euphoria from a semiotic perspective, describing the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic aspects of the television production, to explain the language structure with which it audiovisually represents an idea and cultural reality, since these structures are the ones that give it meaning. On the one hand, the semantic dimension covers the analysis of the relationships between signs and the objects they evoke; the syntactic dimension covers the formal analysis of the relationships between signs, and the pragmatic dimension covers the study of the relationship between signs and interpreters in the context where the communicative situation occurs. The reality represented to be analyzed are mental disorders, defined as significant alterations in cognition, emotion regulation and/or behavior of a person, consequently or not of an evident or suspected organic cause and strongly influenced by psychosocial factors. Euphoria poses a narrative about substance use disorder through aesthetics, musical style, photography and the construction of a character who struggles with it. The sample was determined through the non-probabilistic convenience sampling technique. The research employed descriptive analysis, from which units of analysis were collected from each chapter and coded and categorized for later interpretation. It is concluded that the representation of mental disorders in the HBO series Euphoria from the semiotic perspective is complex, multidimensional and highlights the expressive and narrative functions through the staging, the film framing, the serialization, the construction of the character from his role and as a person, the visual and sound codes, the minimal narrative units and the establishment of emotional connections constituted from individual and socio-cultural mediations, which allow understanding mental disorders from a defiant view of social conventions and a non-stigmatizing narrative.
The present research aimed to determine the representation of mental disorders in the HBO series Euphoria from a semiotic perspective, describing the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic aspects of the television production, to explain the language structure with which it audiovisually represents an idea and cultural reality, since these structures are the ones that give it meaning. On the one hand, the semantic dimension covers the analysis of the relationships between signs and the objects they evoke; the syntactic dimension covers the formal analysis of the relationships between signs, and the pragmatic dimension covers the study of the relationship between signs and interpreters in the context where the communicative situation occurs. The reality represented to be analyzed are mental disorders, defined as significant alterations in cognition, emotion regulation and/or behavior of a person, consequently or not of an evident or suspected organic cause and strongly influenced by psychosocial factors. Euphoria poses a narrative about substance use disorder through aesthetics, musical style, photography and the construction of a character who struggles with it. The sample was determined through the non-probabilistic convenience sampling technique. The research employed descriptive analysis, from which units of analysis were collected from each chapter and coded and categorized for later interpretation. It is concluded that the representation of mental disorders in the HBO series Euphoria from the semiotic perspective is complex, multidimensional and highlights the expressive and narrative functions through the staging, the film framing, the serialization, the construction of the character from his role and as a person, the visual and sound codes, the minimal narrative units and the establishment of emotional connections constituted from individual and socio-cultural mediations, which allow understanding mental disorders from a defiant view of social conventions and a non-stigmatizing narrative.
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Keywords
Comunicación, Semiología, Programa de televisión, Enfermedad mental, Toxicomanía, Producción televisiva, Programa de televisión, Adicción, Análisis cualitativo, Análisis documental, Semántica, Sintaxis, Comunicación de masas