Uropatógenos aislados de pacientes con infección del tracto urinario en el Hospital Distrital Laredo-Trujillo-La Libertad, en el periodo enero-junio del 2023
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La infección del tracto urinario es un proceso inflamatorio causado por diferentes microorganismos, constituyendo un problema de salud. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la frecuencia de uropatógenos aislados de pacientes con infección del tracto urinario atendidos en el Hospital Distrital Laredo-Trujillo-La Libertad, en el periodo enero-junio del 2023. Para ello se revisaron 850 registros, cumpliendo los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los datos obtenidos fueron organizados en tablas según el grupo etario, género, agente etiológico y susceptibilidad antimicrobiana; y se analizaron mediante distribución de frecuencias y con la prueba estadística de Chi cuadrado. Se encontró 525 urocultivos negativos y 325 urocultivos positivos. El 13,23 % de los cultivos positivos pertenecieron al género masculino y el 86,77% al género femenino. Por grupos etarios se evidenció cultivos positivos en el 5,85% de niños, el 3,69% en adolescentes, el 21,85% en jóvenes, el 38,46% en adultos y en adultos mayores el 30,15%. Las bacterias encontradas en mayor frecuencia fueron Escherichia coli (65.85%) y Klebsiella pneumoniae (9,54%). La mayor sensibilidad antimicrobiana de E. coli fue al meropenem (99,06%) y amicacina (98.6%); y de K. pneumoniae fue a la amicacina (96,77%), imipenem (96,77%) y meropenem (96,77%). Asimismo, la mayor resistencia de E. coli fue a la ampicilina (79,52%); y de K. pneumoniae fue a la cefuroxima (58.06%) y trimet/sulfa (58.06%). Realizado el estudio de investigación se concluye que los uropatógenos más comunes que causan ITU son E. coli y K. pneumoniae.
Urinary tract infection is an inflammatory process caused by different microorganisms, constituting a health problem. The objective of this investigation was to determine the frequency of uropathogens isolated from patients with urinary tract infection treated at the Laredo-Trujillo-La Libertad District Hospital, in the period January-June 2023. For this, 850 records were reviewed, meeting the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. The data obtained were organized in tables according to age group, gender, etiological agent and antimicrobial susceptibility; and were analyzed using frequency distribution and the Chi square statistical test. There were 525 negative urine cultures and 325 positive urine cultures. 13.23% of the positive cultures belonged to the male gender and 86.77% to the female gender. By age groups, positive cultures were evident in 5.85% of children, 3.69% in adolescents, 21.85% in young people, 38.46% in adults and 30.15% in older adults. The bacteria found most frequently were Escherichia coli (65.85%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.54%). The highest antimicrobial sensitivity of E. coli was to meropenem (99.06%) and amikacin (98.6%); and for K. pneumoniae it was to amikacin (96.77%), imipenem (96.77%) and meropenem (96.77%). Likewise, the highest resistance of E. coli was to ampicillin (79.52%); and for K. pneumoniae it was cefuroxime (58.06%) and trimet/sulfa (58.06%). After carrying out the research study, it is concluded that the most common uropathogens that cause UTI are E. coli and K. pneumoniae
Urinary tract infection is an inflammatory process caused by different microorganisms, constituting a health problem. The objective of this investigation was to determine the frequency of uropathogens isolated from patients with urinary tract infection treated at the Laredo-Trujillo-La Libertad District Hospital, in the period January-June 2023. For this, 850 records were reviewed, meeting the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. The data obtained were organized in tables according to age group, gender, etiological agent and antimicrobial susceptibility; and were analyzed using frequency distribution and the Chi square statistical test. There were 525 negative urine cultures and 325 positive urine cultures. 13.23% of the positive cultures belonged to the male gender and 86.77% to the female gender. By age groups, positive cultures were evident in 5.85% of children, 3.69% in adolescents, 21.85% in young people, 38.46% in adults and 30.15% in older adults. The bacteria found most frequently were Escherichia coli (65.85%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.54%). The highest antimicrobial sensitivity of E. coli was to meropenem (99.06%) and amikacin (98.6%); and for K. pneumoniae it was to amikacin (96.77%), imipenem (96.77%) and meropenem (96.77%). Likewise, the highest resistance of E. coli was to ampicillin (79.52%); and for K. pneumoniae it was cefuroxime (58.06%) and trimet/sulfa (58.06%). After carrying out the research study, it is concluded that the most common uropathogens that cause UTI are E. coli and K. pneumoniae
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Keywords
Infección del tracto urinario, uropatógenos, urocultivos, susceptibilidad antimicrobiana.