Efecto del porcentaje en peso de cobre en la aleación zinc – 22% aluminio (ZA-22) sobre la dureza, resistencia a la tracción, tensión de fluencia, ductilidad y resistencia al desgaste
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Se estudió el efecto de los porcentajes en pesos de cobre en los rangos de 0.5 a 5.0% en las aleaciones zinc – 22% aluminios (ZA-22), sobre su dureza, resistencia a la tracción, tensión de fluencia, ductilidad y resistencias a los desgastes. Las aleaciones fueron producidas en forma de una barra cilíndrica de diámetro 15 mm x 180 mm de longitudes y discos de diámetros externos de 40 mm, diámetros internos de 20 mm por 15 mm de densidad que fueron colados en moldes de arenas secas, donde maquinaron la probeta para su ensayo de tracción respecto las normas ASTM E-8, probetas para los ensayos de dureza respecto las normas ASTM E-10 y probeta de ensayos de desgaste respecto las normas ASTM G-77.
El resultado muestra los porcentajes en peso sobre cobre, de rangos de 0.5 a 5.0%, aumentan de gran manera la dureza, resistencias a las tracciones, tensiones de fluencias, ductilidades y resistencias sobre desgaste, porque los valores obtenidos fueron mayores que el de la aleación zinc – 22% aluminio sin cobre (0% Cu). El valor más alto obtenido de la propiedad en estudio fue para las aleaciones, zinc – 22% aluminio con 2% en peso de cobre. A valores mayores de 2.0% de cobre, las propiedades en estudio, disminuyen ligeramente.
Microestructuralmente, las aleaciones zinc – 22% aluminios con porcentaje en pesos de cobre de 0.5 hasta 2.0% constan de dendritas formadas por fase alfa (α) y fase gamma (), partículas de compuestos estequiométrico CuZn5; y las aleaciones mayores de 2.0 hasta 5.0% de Cu constan de perlita (α + ) y compuestos intermetálicos interdendríticos (CuZn4) y (Al4 – Cu3 – Zn), también se observa que a porcentajes mayores a 2% de cobre en las aleaciones zinc – 22% aluminios (ZA-22) existe formación de perlita (α + ), lo que se deduce que el cobre en la aleación es perlitizante.
El resultado obtenido fue contrastado mediante análisis estadísticos, con niveles de confianza de 95%.
The effect of the weight percentages of copper in the ranges of 0.5 to 5.0% in the zinc – 22% aluminum alloys (ZA-22) was studied on their hardness, tensile strength, yield stress, ductility and resistance to the wear and tear. The alloys were produced in the form of a cylindrical bar with a diameter of 15 mm x 180 mm in length and discs with external diameters of 40 mm, internal diameters of 20 mm by 15 mm density that were cast in dry sand molds, where the specimen for tensile testing in accordance with ASTM E-8 standards, specimens for hardness tests in accordance with ASTM E-10 standards, and wear test specimen in accordance with ASTM G-77 standards. The result shows the percentages by weight of copper, ranging from 0.5 to 5.0%, greatly increase the hardness, tensile strength, yield stress, ductility and wear resistance, because the values obtained were higher than that of the zinc alloy – 22% aluminum without copper (0% Cu). The highest value obtained for the property under study was for the alloys, zinc – 22% aluminum with 2% by weight of copper. At values greater than 2.0% copper, the properties under study decrease slightly. Microstructurally, the zinc – 22% aluminum alloys with a copper weight percentage of 0.5 to 2.0% consist of dendrites formed by alpha phase (α) and gamma phase (), particles of stoichiometric CuZn5 compounds; and alloys greater than 2.0 to 5.0% Cu consist of pearlite (α + ) and interdendritic intermetallic compounds (CuZn4) y (Al4 – Cu3 – Zn), it is also observed that at percentages greater than 2% of copper in In zinc alloys - 22% aluminum (ZA-22) there is formation of pearlite (α + ), which means that the copper in the alloy is pearlizing. The result obtained was contrasted through statistical analysis, with confidence levels of 95%.
The effect of the weight percentages of copper in the ranges of 0.5 to 5.0% in the zinc – 22% aluminum alloys (ZA-22) was studied on their hardness, tensile strength, yield stress, ductility and resistance to the wear and tear. The alloys were produced in the form of a cylindrical bar with a diameter of 15 mm x 180 mm in length and discs with external diameters of 40 mm, internal diameters of 20 mm by 15 mm density that were cast in dry sand molds, where the specimen for tensile testing in accordance with ASTM E-8 standards, specimens for hardness tests in accordance with ASTM E-10 standards, and wear test specimen in accordance with ASTM G-77 standards. The result shows the percentages by weight of copper, ranging from 0.5 to 5.0%, greatly increase the hardness, tensile strength, yield stress, ductility and wear resistance, because the values obtained were higher than that of the zinc alloy – 22% aluminum without copper (0% Cu). The highest value obtained for the property under study was for the alloys, zinc – 22% aluminum with 2% by weight of copper. At values greater than 2.0% copper, the properties under study decrease slightly. Microstructurally, the zinc – 22% aluminum alloys with a copper weight percentage of 0.5 to 2.0% consist of dendrites formed by alpha phase (α) and gamma phase (), particles of stoichiometric CuZn5 compounds; and alloys greater than 2.0 to 5.0% Cu consist of pearlite (α + ) and interdendritic intermetallic compounds (CuZn4) y (Al4 – Cu3 – Zn), it is also observed that at percentages greater than 2% of copper in In zinc alloys - 22% aluminum (ZA-22) there is formation of pearlite (α + ), which means that the copper in the alloy is pearlizing. The result obtained was contrasted through statistical analysis, with confidence levels of 95%.
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Cobre