Porcentajes de agregado fino reciclado sobre las propiedades mecánicas y de durabilidad en concreto estructural Trujillo 2023
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Date
2024-11
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La creciente preocupación por la sostenibilidad ambiental y la gestión eficiente de los residuos de construcción ha impulsado la búsqueda de alternativas que permitan reducir el impacto ambiental de la industria de la construcción. La relevancia de este estudio radica en la necesidad de buscar alternativas más sostenibles y económicas en la construcción, reduciendo la explotación de recursos naturales y promoviendo la economía circular. En este contexto, la utilización de agregados reciclados en la producción de concreto se presenta como una opción sostenible. Sin embargo, la falta de estudios sobre el comportamiento a largo plazo de este tipo de materiales en elementos estructurales limita su aplicación en la práctica. Por lo tanto, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia del porcentaje de agregado fino reciclado sobre las propiedades mecánicas y de durabilidad en concreto estructural.
Se diseñaron seis mezclas de concreto, variando el porcentaje de reemplazo del agregado fino natural por agregado fino reciclado en porcentajes de 0 %, 15 %, 25 %, 35 %, 45 % y 55 %. El agregado fino reciclado se obtuvo a partir de la trituración de probetas de concreto de desecho de laboratorio. Los demás materiales empleados fueron cemento Pórtland tipo ICo de la marca Pacasmayo, piedra de tamaño máximo nominal de 1/2" y arena con un módulo de finura de 2.8 y aditivo plastificante SikaCem con una proporción de 0.8 % en peso del cemento. El diseño de las mezclas se realizó de acuerdo con la normativa ACI 211. Para evaluar el efecto del reemplazo del agregado fino en las propiedades del concreto, se fabricaron un total de 108 probetas cilíndricas de 100 mm de diámetro por 200 mm de altura. Estas probetas fueron curadas bajo condiciones estándar y se ensayaron a los 28 y 56 días para determinar su resistencia a la compresión y porcentaje de volumen de vacíos.
Los resultados revelaron que la sustitución del 55 % del agregado fino natural por agregado fino reciclado presentó el mejor desempeño. El concreto con esta proporción presentó un asentamiento de 3 pulgadas, una resistencia a la compresión a los 28 días de 310 kg/cm², superando en un 15 % al concreto patrón con 269 kg/cm², y un volumen de vacíos de 14.25 %, ligeramente superior al del concreto patrón con 12.97 %. Estos hallazgos sugieren que es posible obtener concretos estructurales con propiedades mecánicas superiores utilizando agregados finos reciclados, contribuyendo así a la sostenibilidad de la construcción.
The growing concern for environmental sustainability and the efficient management of construction waste has prompted the search for alternatives to reduce the environmental impact of the construction industry. The relevance of this study lies in the need to seek more sustainable and economic alternatives in construction, reducing the exploitation of natural resources and promoting the circular economy. In this context, the use of recycled aggregates in concrete production is presented as a sustainable option. However, the lack of studies on the long-term behaviour of this type of materials in structural elements limits their application in practice. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the influence of the percentage of recycled fine aggregate on the mechanical and durability properties of structural concrete. Six concrete mixes were designed, varying the percentage of replacement of natural fine aggregate with recycled fine aggregate in percentages of 0 %, 15 %, 25 %, 35 %, 45 % and 55 %. The recycled fine aggregate was obtained from the crushing of laboratory waste concrete specimens. The other materials used were Portland cement type ICo of the Pacasmayo brand, stone with a nominal maximum size of 1/2’ and sand with a fineness modulus of 2.8 and plasticising additive SikaCem with a proportion of 0.8 % by weight of the cement. The mix design was carried out in accordance with ACI 211. To evaluate the effect of fine aggregate replacement on the properties of the concrete, a total of 108 cylindrical specimens of 100 mm diameter by 200 mm height were manufactured. These specimens were cured under standard conditions and tested at 28 and 56 days for compressive strength and void volume percentage. The results revealed that replacing 55 % of the natural fine aggregate with recycled fine aggregate showed the best performance. The concrete with this proportion had a slump of 3 inches, a 28-day compressive strength of 310 kg/cm², exceeding the standard concrete with 269 kg/cm² by 15 %, and a void volume of 14.22 %, slightly higher than that of the standard concrete with 12.97 %. These findings suggest that it is possible to obtain structural concretes with superior mechanical properties using recycled fine aggregates, thus contributing to the sustainability of construction.
The growing concern for environmental sustainability and the efficient management of construction waste has prompted the search for alternatives to reduce the environmental impact of the construction industry. The relevance of this study lies in the need to seek more sustainable and economic alternatives in construction, reducing the exploitation of natural resources and promoting the circular economy. In this context, the use of recycled aggregates in concrete production is presented as a sustainable option. However, the lack of studies on the long-term behaviour of this type of materials in structural elements limits their application in practice. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the influence of the percentage of recycled fine aggregate on the mechanical and durability properties of structural concrete. Six concrete mixes were designed, varying the percentage of replacement of natural fine aggregate with recycled fine aggregate in percentages of 0 %, 15 %, 25 %, 35 %, 45 % and 55 %. The recycled fine aggregate was obtained from the crushing of laboratory waste concrete specimens. The other materials used were Portland cement type ICo of the Pacasmayo brand, stone with a nominal maximum size of 1/2’ and sand with a fineness modulus of 2.8 and plasticising additive SikaCem with a proportion of 0.8 % by weight of the cement. The mix design was carried out in accordance with ACI 211. To evaluate the effect of fine aggregate replacement on the properties of the concrete, a total of 108 cylindrical specimens of 100 mm diameter by 200 mm height were manufactured. These specimens were cured under standard conditions and tested at 28 and 56 days for compressive strength and void volume percentage. The results revealed that replacing 55 % of the natural fine aggregate with recycled fine aggregate showed the best performance. The concrete with this proportion had a slump of 3 inches, a 28-day compressive strength of 310 kg/cm², exceeding the standard concrete with 269 kg/cm² by 15 %, and a void volume of 14.22 %, slightly higher than that of the standard concrete with 12.97 %. These findings suggest that it is possible to obtain structural concretes with superior mechanical properties using recycled fine aggregates, thus contributing to the sustainability of construction.
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TECHNOLOGY::Civil engineering and architecture