Aplicación de la metodología PMBOK en la construcción de un parque recreacional - Moche para mejorar la productividad de la obra
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Date
2025
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El objetivo de esta investigación se centra en la aplicación de la metodología PMBOK en la construcción de un parque recreacional en Moche, con el propósito de mejorar la productividad de la obra. Se busca optimizar la eficiencia del proyecto de construcción, asegurando una gestión integral y efectiva de todos los recursos disponibles. La metodología de investigación se basa en un estudio de casos y la elaboración de un cuestionario estructurado, que fue procesado estadísticamente con el software SPSS. La Prueba Chi Cuadrado se utilizó para la validación de la hipótesis, determinando así la importancia de las variables estudiadas y sus dimensiones.
La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 50 trabajadores, de los cuales 10 fueron gestores y 40, trabajadores de la construcción. Se aplicó un muestreo no probabilístico, resultando en una muestra de 45 participantes. Para lograr los objetivos programados, se utilizó un cuestionario y se realizó un análisis documental de datos.
Los resultados evidenciaron mejoras en la coordinación de actividades, cumplimiento de los plazos establecidos, control eficiente de costos, implementación efectiva de estándares de calidad y una gestión proactiva de riesgos. A través del uso del método de Valor Ganado (EVM), se registraron los siguientes resultados: El EV acumulado fue de $2,894,602.69, y el AC acumulado fue de $2,850,000.00. Esto resultó en una variación de costo de 1.54%, un CPI de 1.016, y un SPI de 1.
Se concluye que, a través de una gestión integral y efectiva, se lograron mejoras en la productividad, así como una gestión proactiva de riesgos que minimizó imprevistos y optimizó el uso de recursos. La propuesta trajo beneficios como una mejor coordinación de los procesos, reducción de retrabajos y costos adicionales, cumplimiento de los plazos de entrega y una gestión de calidad que asegura la satisfacción de los stakeholders. Además, la gestión proactiva de riesgos permitió minimizar imprevistos y asegurar un flujo de trabajo continuo y eficiente, contribuyendo a la sostenibilidad y éxito del proyecto en el largo plazo.
The objective of this research focuses on the application of the PMBOK methodology in the construction of a recreational park in Moche, with the purpose of improving the productivity of the work. It seeks to optimize the efficiency of the construction project, ensuring integral and effective management of all available resources. The research methodology is based on a case study and the elaboration of a structured questionnaire, which was statistically processed with SPSS software. The Chi-Square Test was used to validate the hypothesis, thus determining the importance of the variables studied and their dimensions. The study population consisted of 50 workers, of whom 10 were managers and 40 were construction workers. A non-probabilistic sampling was applied, resulting in a sample of 45 participants. In order to achieve the programmed objectives, a questionnaire was used, and a documentary analysis of data was carried out. The results showed improvements in the coordination of activities, compliance with established deadlines, efficient cost control, effective implementation of quality standards and proactive risk management. Through the use of the Earned Value Method (EVM), the following results were recorded: The cumulative EV was $2,894,602.69, and the cumulative AC was $2,850,000.00. This resulted in a cost variation of 1.54%, a CPI of 1.016, and an SPI of 1. It is concluded that, through integrated and effective management, productivity improvements were achieved, as well as proactive risk management that minimized unforeseen events and optimized the use of resources. The proposal brought benefits such as better coordination of processes, reduction of rework and additional costs, compliance with delivery deadlines, and quality management that ensures stakeholder satisfaction. In addition, proactive risk management minimized contingencies and ensured a continuous and efficient workflow, contributing to the long-term sustainability and success of the project.
The objective of this research focuses on the application of the PMBOK methodology in the construction of a recreational park in Moche, with the purpose of improving the productivity of the work. It seeks to optimize the efficiency of the construction project, ensuring integral and effective management of all available resources. The research methodology is based on a case study and the elaboration of a structured questionnaire, which was statistically processed with SPSS software. The Chi-Square Test was used to validate the hypothesis, thus determining the importance of the variables studied and their dimensions. The study population consisted of 50 workers, of whom 10 were managers and 40 were construction workers. A non-probabilistic sampling was applied, resulting in a sample of 45 participants. In order to achieve the programmed objectives, a questionnaire was used, and a documentary analysis of data was carried out. The results showed improvements in the coordination of activities, compliance with established deadlines, efficient cost control, effective implementation of quality standards and proactive risk management. Through the use of the Earned Value Method (EVM), the following results were recorded: The cumulative EV was $2,894,602.69, and the cumulative AC was $2,850,000.00. This resulted in a cost variation of 1.54%, a CPI of 1.016, and an SPI of 1. It is concluded that, through integrated and effective management, productivity improvements were achieved, as well as proactive risk management that minimized unforeseen events and optimized the use of resources. The proposal brought benefits such as better coordination of processes, reduction of rework and additional costs, compliance with delivery deadlines, and quality management that ensures stakeholder satisfaction. In addition, proactive risk management minimized contingencies and ensured a continuous and efficient workflow, contributing to the long-term sustainability and success of the project.
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Keywords
Metodología PMBOK, Gestión de alcance, Gestión de riesgo, Gestión de integración y gestión de costos