Manejo agronómico de dos variedades de Brassica oleracea var. Capitata en Huashgon, Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad
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Date
2019
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de describir el manejo agronómico de las variedades de repollo “Quintal” y “Corazón de buey” en el caserío de Huashgon. Se aplicó una encuesta a los trece productores de repollo del caserío mencionado, para obtener información sobre preparación de suelo, procedencia de semillas, tipo de siembra, riego, fertilización, plagas y enfermedades, cosecha, rendimiento y el lugar de comercialización del producto. Los resultados indican que el área cultivada con esta hortaliza va desde 50 m2 a 5,000 m2 por productor. El 100% de los productores utilizan abonos orgánicos obtenidos de sus animales, principalmente de cuy y son incorporados en la siembra. El 84.6% compra semillas en casas comerciales agrícolas de Santiago de Chuco y el 15.4% las adquiere en la ciudad de Trujillo. Todos los productores encuestados no realizan ningún método de desinfección de suelos porque no han tenido problemas con enfermedades. El 77% de los productores producen las variedades “Corazón de buey” y “Quintal”, el 15 % utiliza solo la variedad “Quintal” y el 8% solo “Corazón de buey”. Los productores consideran apropiado sembrar entre los meses de diciembre y febrero. El 54% de los agricultores riegan con agua de manantial, el 38% con agua de río, y el 8% de represa; además en época de estiaje aplican riegos cada 13 días. El 46% de agricultores cosechan teniendo en cuenta la dureza de la cabeza. Los productores manifestaron que obtienen mayor rendimiento con la variedad “Quintal” por que tiene mayor tamaño respecto a “corazón de buey”.
ABSTRACT This research work was carried out with the objective of describing the agronomic management of the cabbage varieties “Quintal” and “Corazón de buey” in the Huashgon hamlet. A survey was applied to the thirteen cabbage producers of the aforementioned village, to obtain information on soil preparation, seed origin, type of planting, irrigation, fertilization, pests and diseases, harvest, yield and the place of commercialization of the product. The results indicate that the area cultivated with this vegetable ranges from 50 m2 to 5,000 m2 per producer. 100% of the producers use organic fertilizers obtained from their animals, mainly guinea pig and are incorporated in the sowing. 84.6% buy seeds in commercial agricultural houses in Santiago de Chuco and 15.4% acquire them in the city of Trujillo. All the surveyed producers do not perform any soil disinfection method because they have not had problems with diseases. 77% of the producers produce the varieties "Corazón de buey" and "Quintal", 15% use only the variety "Quintal" and 8% only use "Corazón de buey". Producers consider it appropriate to sow between the months of December and February. 54% of farmers irrigate with spring water, 38% with river water, and 8% with a dam; also in the dry season they apply watering every 13 days. 46% of farmers harvest taking into account the hardness of the head. The producers stated that they obtain a higher yield with the "Quintal" variety because it is larger than the "ox heart".
ABSTRACT This research work was carried out with the objective of describing the agronomic management of the cabbage varieties “Quintal” and “Corazón de buey” in the Huashgon hamlet. A survey was applied to the thirteen cabbage producers of the aforementioned village, to obtain information on soil preparation, seed origin, type of planting, irrigation, fertilization, pests and diseases, harvest, yield and the place of commercialization of the product. The results indicate that the area cultivated with this vegetable ranges from 50 m2 to 5,000 m2 per producer. 100% of the producers use organic fertilizers obtained from their animals, mainly guinea pig and are incorporated in the sowing. 84.6% buy seeds in commercial agricultural houses in Santiago de Chuco and 15.4% acquire them in the city of Trujillo. All the surveyed producers do not perform any soil disinfection method because they have not had problems with diseases. 77% of the producers produce the varieties "Corazón de buey" and "Quintal", 15% use only the variety "Quintal" and 8% only use "Corazón de buey". Producers consider it appropriate to sow between the months of December and February. 54% of farmers irrigate with spring water, 38% with river water, and 8% with a dam; also in the dry season they apply watering every 13 days. 46% of farmers harvest taking into account the hardness of the head. The producers stated that they obtain a higher yield with the "Quintal" variety because it is larger than the "ox heart".
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Keywords
Siembra, Plagas, Fertilización, Riego, Cosecha