Aprovechamiento de los residuos agroindustriales como prebióticos
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Date
2021
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Para realizar la investigación se seleccionó, analizó y sistematizó información actualizada sobre residuos agroindustriales y su posible uso como prebióticos de la cáscara Persea americana “palta”, Mangifera indica “mango”, Asparagus officinalis “esparrago” y brácteas de Cynara scolymus “alcachofa”. En la selección y análisis de la información se consideró los diferentes análisis químicos y bromatológicos de los residuos agroindustriales de importancia económica en la región La Libertad; también a los carbohidratos prebióticos con evidencia científica como la inulina, FOS (fructooligosacáridos) entre otros. Así mismo, se investigó sobre la cantidad de fibras solubles e insolubles, cruda o bruta y ELN (extracto libre de nitrógeno). Encontrándose que la cáscara de palta, por contener hemicelulosa, lignina y alto porcentaje de celulosa, es menos probable que contenga sustancias de interés prebiótico. De acuerdo a los resultados, la cáscara de mango posee potencial interés prebiótico por contener un significativo porcentaje de FDS (fibra dietética soluble) y ELN, con pectina y la hemicelulosa. La cáscara de espárrago, por su alto porcentaje de FDI (fibra dietética insoluble) y mínimo porcentaje de FDS, no tendría potencial uso prebiótico. Finalmente, las brácteas de alcachofa se pueden considerar de posible uso prebiótico porque contienen inulina, su carbohidrato de reserva más importante, y FOS que representan sustancias prebióticas con evidencia científica.
To carry out the research, updated information on agro-industrial residues and their possible use as prebiotics of the Persea americana "avocado", Mangifera indica "mango", Asparagus officinalis "asparagus" and Cynara scolymus "artichoke" bracts were selected, analyzed and systematized. In the selection and analysis of the information, the different chemical and bromatological analyzes of agroindustrial residues of economic importance in the La Libertad region were considered; also, to prebiotic carbohydrates with scientific evidence such as inulin, FOS (fructooligosaccharides) among others. Likewise, the amount of soluble and insoluble fibers, crude or crude and ELN (nitrogen free extract) was investigated. Finding that avocado peel, because it contains hemicellulose, lignin and a high percentage of cellulose, is less likely to contain substances of prebiotic interest. According to the results, the mango peel has potential prebiotic interest because it contains a significant percentage of FDS (soluble dietary fiber) and ELN, with pectin and hemicellulose. Asparagus peel, due to its high percentage of FDI (insoluble dietary fiber) and minimum percentage of FDS, would not have potential prebiotic use. Finally, artichoke bracts can be considered of possible prebiotic use because they contain inulin, its most important reserve carbohydrate, and FOS that represent prebiotic substances with scientific evidence
To carry out the research, updated information on agro-industrial residues and their possible use as prebiotics of the Persea americana "avocado", Mangifera indica "mango", Asparagus officinalis "asparagus" and Cynara scolymus "artichoke" bracts were selected, analyzed and systematized. In the selection and analysis of the information, the different chemical and bromatological analyzes of agroindustrial residues of economic importance in the La Libertad region were considered; also, to prebiotic carbohydrates with scientific evidence such as inulin, FOS (fructooligosaccharides) among others. Likewise, the amount of soluble and insoluble fibers, crude or crude and ELN (nitrogen free extract) was investigated. Finding that avocado peel, because it contains hemicellulose, lignin and a high percentage of cellulose, is less likely to contain substances of prebiotic interest. According to the results, the mango peel has potential prebiotic interest because it contains a significant percentage of FDS (soluble dietary fiber) and ELN, with pectin and hemicellulose. Asparagus peel, due to its high percentage of FDI (insoluble dietary fiber) and minimum percentage of FDS, would not have potential prebiotic use. Finally, artichoke bracts can be considered of possible prebiotic use because they contain inulin, its most important reserve carbohydrate, and FOS that represent prebiotic substances with scientific evidence
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Keywords
Prebióticos, residuos agroindustriales, cáscara, brácteas, fibras dietéticas, características químicas-bromatológicas