Sustitución de agregados naturales por residuos de porcelanato sobre las propiedades mecánicas y de durabilidad en el concreto Trujillo 2023
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Date
2024-09
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de Trujillo, se analizó la influencia
de los residuos de porcelanato como reemplazo de agregados en el concreto, los cuales se
incluyeron porcentualmente de forma simultánea con una gradación similar a la de cada agregado
de reemplazo y además se efectuaron ensayos de evaluación de resistencia a la compresión,
resistencia a la tracción indirecta, resistencia a la penetración del ion cloruro y porosidad para su
posterior análisis.
El propósito de la investigación fue determinar la influencia de los residuos de porcelanato
en las propiedades mecánicas y de durabilidad en el concreto con plastificante en Trujillo 2023,
para lo cual inicialmente se realizó la caracterización de los agregados naturales como del
porcelanato triturado y del porcelanato molido. Se observó que el porcelanato es más apto para la
fabricación del concreto; además se definió la resistencia del concreto (f’c=210 kg/cm2 o 20.60
MPa), bajo el método ACI 211 para el diseño de mezcla, sin embargo, se tuvo que optimizar,
resultando las siguientes proporciones en peso: cemento tipo Ico (18.5 %), arena con módulo de
finura de 2.7 (41.0 %), piedra chancada de 1/2'' (29.8 %), agua de mezcla (10.4 %) y aditivo
plastificante SikaCem tipo A con una dosificación constante de 0.7 % en función al peso del
cemento. Del diseño optimizado, se realizaron las respectivas sustituciones en el agregado grueso
y en el agregado fino por el porcelanato triturado y molido en porcentajes de 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20
%, 25 %, 30 % y 35 % respecto al peso de los agregados naturales.
Todos los resultados de las propiedades evaluadas fueron favorables; el porcentaje máximo
de sustitución de agregados por porcelanato triturado y molido fue del 35 % para cada agregado,
obteniéndose inicialmente en la probeta patrón 268 kg/cm2 (26.28 MPa) en la resistencia a la
compresión, 19 kg/cm2 (1.86 MPa) en la resistencia a la tracción indirecta, 6352 Coulombs en la
carga pasada del ensayo RCPT indicando alta penetrabilidad al ion cloruro y 21.2 % de volumen
de vacíos; lo cual se llegó mejorar a 347 kg/cm2 (34.03 MPa) en la resistencia a la compresión, 32
kg/cm2 (3.14 MPa) en la resistencia a la tracción indirecta, 2078 Coulombs en la carga pasada del
ensayo RCPT indicando moderada penetración al ion cloruro y 16.7 % de volumen de vacíos. Así
mismo, se realizó un análisis de costos unitario, comprobándose la viabilidad de fabricar concreto
con adiciones de porcelanato en reemplazo de cada agregado, no sólo por el impacto económico
sino también por el impacto ambiental.
The present investigation was carried out in the city of Trujillo, the influence of porcelain waste as a replacement for aggregates in concrete was analyzed, which were included in percentage terms simultaneously with a gradation similar to that of each replacement aggregate and in addition, tests were carried out to evaluate compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, resistance to chloride ion penetration and porosity for further analysis. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of porcelain residues on mechanical properties and durability in concrete with plasticizer in Trujillo 2023, for which initially the characterization of natural aggregates such as crushed porcelain and ground porcelain was performed. It was observed that the porcelain is more suitable for the manufacture of concrete; in addition the resistance of the concrete was defined (f'c=210 kg/cm2 or 20.60 MPa), under the method ACI 211 for the mixing design, however, it had to be optimized, resulting in the following proportions in weight: Type Ico cement (18.5 %), sand with 2.7 (41.0 %) fineness modulus, 1/2' minced stone (29.8 %), mixing water (10.4 %) and SikaCem plasticizer additive type A with a constant dosage of 0.7 % depending on the weight of the cement. From the optimized design, the respective replacements in the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate by crushed and ground porcelain were made in percentages of 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 %, 30 % and 35 % with respect to the weight of natural aggregates. All the results of the properties evaluated were favorable; the maximum percentage of replacement of aggregates by crushed and ground porcelain was 35 % for each aggregate, initially obtained in the standard specimen 268 kg/cm2 (26.28 MPa) in compressive strength, 19 kg/cm2 (1.86 MPa) in indirect tensile strength, 6352 Coulombs in the past load of the RCPT test indicating high penetrability to the chloride ion and 21.2 % volume of voids, improved to 347 kg/cm2 (34.03 MPa) in compression strength, 32 kg/cm2 (3.14 MPa) in indirect tensile strength, 2078 Coulombs in past load of RCPT test indicating moderate chloride ion penetration and 16.7 % vacuum volume. Likewise, a unit cost analysis was carried out, proving the feasibility of manufacturing concrete with porcelain additions to replace each aggregate, not only for the economic impact but also for the environmental impact.
The present investigation was carried out in the city of Trujillo, the influence of porcelain waste as a replacement for aggregates in concrete was analyzed, which were included in percentage terms simultaneously with a gradation similar to that of each replacement aggregate and in addition, tests were carried out to evaluate compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, resistance to chloride ion penetration and porosity for further analysis. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of porcelain residues on mechanical properties and durability in concrete with plasticizer in Trujillo 2023, for which initially the characterization of natural aggregates such as crushed porcelain and ground porcelain was performed. It was observed that the porcelain is more suitable for the manufacture of concrete; in addition the resistance of the concrete was defined (f'c=210 kg/cm2 or 20.60 MPa), under the method ACI 211 for the mixing design, however, it had to be optimized, resulting in the following proportions in weight: Type Ico cement (18.5 %), sand with 2.7 (41.0 %) fineness modulus, 1/2' minced stone (29.8 %), mixing water (10.4 %) and SikaCem plasticizer additive type A with a constant dosage of 0.7 % depending on the weight of the cement. From the optimized design, the respective replacements in the coarse aggregate and fine aggregate by crushed and ground porcelain were made in percentages of 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 %, 30 % and 35 % with respect to the weight of natural aggregates. All the results of the properties evaluated were favorable; the maximum percentage of replacement of aggregates by crushed and ground porcelain was 35 % for each aggregate, initially obtained in the standard specimen 268 kg/cm2 (26.28 MPa) in compressive strength, 19 kg/cm2 (1.86 MPa) in indirect tensile strength, 6352 Coulombs in the past load of the RCPT test indicating high penetrability to the chloride ion and 21.2 % volume of voids, improved to 347 kg/cm2 (34.03 MPa) in compression strength, 32 kg/cm2 (3.14 MPa) in indirect tensile strength, 2078 Coulombs in past load of RCPT test indicating moderate chloride ion penetration and 16.7 % vacuum volume. Likewise, a unit cost analysis was carried out, proving the feasibility of manufacturing concrete with porcelain additions to replace each aggregate, not only for the economic impact but also for the environmental impact.
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TECHNOLOGY::Civil engineering and architecture