Producción y caracterización del pigmento prodigiosina de Serratia marcescens obtenida de la fermentación de residuos de escamas de Tilapia
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La prodigiosina, un pigmento bacteriano con propiedades antioxidantes y farmacológicas,
se ha identificado con aplicaciones potenciales en las industrias médicas y textiles. Este
estudio busca producir prodigiosina a partir de residuos de escamas de tilapia utilizando
Serratia marcescens, una novedad en el campo que no solo aprovecha los desechos
agroindustriales, sino que también contribuye a un menor impacto ambiental en la región de
La Libertad (Perú). Se recolectó agua residual de una planta de tratamiento, se aisló y
caracterizó una bacteria del género Serratia mediante pruebas morfológicas, bioquímicas y
moleculares, incluyendo la secuenciación del gen 16S rRNA. Paralelamente, se recolectaron
y acondicionaron escamas de Tilapia, que se sometieron a hidrólisis alcalina. Se utilizó un
diseño experimental factorial que evaluó la influencia de dos factores: la velocidad de
agitación (100-250 rpm) y cloruro de sodio (0.5-2.5%) a base de hidrolizados de escamas de
Tilapia hidrolizadas, para optimizar el crecimiento celular y la producción de prodigiosina.
Se monitorizó durante 72 h a 25 ± 1.0 °C. Las mediciones analíticas incluyeron la
determinación del crecimiento bacteriano, la estimación de los niveles de prodigiosina y
proteínas totales. La producción de prodigiosina por QP23 fue influenciada por la velocidad
de agitación y cloruro de sodio en el medio, alcanzando un pico máximo de 516.03 unidades
por célula a las 72 horas con 150 rpm y NaCl 1.5%. El análisis de Tukey confirmó diferencias
significativas entre las combinaciones de velocidad de agitación y concentraciones de
cloruro de sodio.
Prodigiosin, a bacterial pigment with antioxidant and pharmacological properties, has been identified with potential applications in the medical and textile industries. This study seeks to produce prodigiosin from tilapia scale waste using Serratia marcescens, a novelty in the field that not only harnesses agro-industrial waste, but also contributes to a reduced environmental impact in the La Libertad region (Peru). Wastewater was collected from a treatment plant, a bacteria from the Serratia genus was isolated and characterized through morphological, biochemical, and molecular tests, including the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In parallel, Tilapia scales were collected and conditioned, then subjected to alkaline hydrolysis. A factorial experimental design was used which evaluated the influence of two factors: the agitation speed (100-250 rpm) and sodium chloride (0.5-2.5%) based on hydrolyzed Tilapia scales, to optimize cell growth and prodigiosin production. It was monitored for 72 hours at 25 ± 1.0 °C. Analytical measurements included determining bacterial growth, estimating prodigiosin and total protein levels. The production of prodigiosin by QP23 was influenced by the agitation speed and sodium chloride in the medium, reaching a maximum peak of 516.03 units per cell at 72 hours with 150 rpm and 1.5% NaCl. The Tukey analysis confirmed significant differences between the combinations of agitation speed and sodium chloride concentrations.
Prodigiosin, a bacterial pigment with antioxidant and pharmacological properties, has been identified with potential applications in the medical and textile industries. This study seeks to produce prodigiosin from tilapia scale waste using Serratia marcescens, a novelty in the field that not only harnesses agro-industrial waste, but also contributes to a reduced environmental impact in the La Libertad region (Peru). Wastewater was collected from a treatment plant, a bacteria from the Serratia genus was isolated and characterized through morphological, biochemical, and molecular tests, including the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In parallel, Tilapia scales were collected and conditioned, then subjected to alkaline hydrolysis. A factorial experimental design was used which evaluated the influence of two factors: the agitation speed (100-250 rpm) and sodium chloride (0.5-2.5%) based on hydrolyzed Tilapia scales, to optimize cell growth and prodigiosin production. It was monitored for 72 hours at 25 ± 1.0 °C. Analytical measurements included determining bacterial growth, estimating prodigiosin and total protein levels. The production of prodigiosin by QP23 was influenced by the agitation speed and sodium chloride in the medium, reaching a maximum peak of 516.03 units per cell at 72 hours with 150 rpm and 1.5% NaCl. The Tukey analysis confirmed significant differences between the combinations of agitation speed and sodium chloride concentrations.
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