Efecto del estiércol de ovino y la fertilización NPK en el rendimiento de Hordeum vulgare L. var. Zapata en Alto Paraíso, Santiago de Chuco
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Date
2020
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
En el presente trabajo se evaluó el efecto del estiércol y la fertilización NPK en el rendimiento de Hordeum vulgare L. var. Zapata y fue instalado el 04 de enero del 2018 en el caserío de Alto Paraíso, ubicado en la provincia de Santiago de Chuco, empleando un diseño bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones y nueve tratamientos en arreglo factorial 3x3. Los tratamientos fueron tres fuentes de estiércol de ovino: 0 t. ha-1, 2 t. ha-1, 4 t. ha-1 por tres niveles de fertilización NPK: 0-0-0; 40-40-40 y 80-80-80 kg. ha-1 de N, P2O5 y K2O, respectivamente. Se evaluó el número de plantas por metro cuadrado, macollos por planta, espigas por planta, espigas por metro cuadrado, granos por espiga, longitud de espiga y altura de planta. Se encontró que, con la incorporación de 4 t. ha-1 de estiércol de ovino se obtiene un mayor rendimiento de cebada (3.42 t. ha-1 de grano) en relación con el testigo sin estiércol (2.58 t. ha-1 de grano). Con la incorporación de 4 t. ha-1 de estiércol de ovino se obtiene una mayor altura de planta (95.01 cm) y un mayor número de espigas por metro cuadrado (707 espigas) en relación con el tratamiento sin estiércol (84.68 cm y 603 espigas, respectivamente). Con la dosis de 80-80-80 de NPK se obtiene mayor altura de planta (96.69 cm), mayor número de macollos por planta (2.19 macollos) y espigas por planta (2.19 espigas) con relación al tratamiento testigo (78.36 cm, 1.89 macollos y 1.88 espigas, respectivamente). Sólo cuando no se incorpora estiércol se encuentra respuesta a la fertilización a la dosis 80-80-80 de NPK en longitud de espiga (63.5 mm) y en número de granos por espiga (46.49 granos) en relación con el tratamiento 0-0-0 NPK (50.0 mm y 37.23 granos, respectivamente). El rendimiento de cebada var. Zapata en Alto Paraíso, Santiago de Chuco es afectado por la incorporación de estiércol y no por la fertilización NPK.
ABSTRACT In this work, the effect of manure and NPK fertilization on the yield of Hordeum vulgare L. var. Zapata and was installed on January 4, 2018 in the Alto Paraíso hamlet, located in the province of Santiago de Chuco, using a randomized complete block design with four repetitions and nine treatments in 3x3 factorial arrangement. The treatments were three sources of sheep manure: 0 t. ha-1, 2 t. ha-1, 4 t. ha-1 for three levels of NPK fertilization: 0-0-0; 40-40-40 and 80-80-80 kg. ha-1 of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively. The number of plants per square meter, tillers per plant, spikes per plant, spikes per square meter, grains per spike, spike length and plant height were evaluated. It was found that, with the incorporation of 4 t. ha-1 of sheep manure, a higher yield of barley (3.42 t. ha-1 grain) is obtained in relation to the control without manure (2.58 t. ha-1 of grain). With the incorporation of 4 t. ha-1 of sheep manure, a higher plant height (95.01 cm) and a greater number of spikes per square meter (707 spikes) are obtained in relation to the treatment without manure (84.68 cm and 603 spikes, respectively). With the 80-80-80 dose of NPK, a higher plant height (96.69 cm), a greater number of tillers per plant (2.19 tillers) and spikes per plant (2.19 ears) are obtained in relation to the control treatment (78.36 cm, 1.89 tillers and 1.88 spikes, respectively). Only when manure is not incorporated is response to fertilization at the 80-80-80 dose of NPK in spike length (63.5 mm) and in number of grains per spike (46.49 grains) in relation to treatment 0-0- 0 NPK (50.0 mm and 37.23 grains, respectively). The yield of barley var. Zapata in Alto Paraíso, Santiago de Chuco is affected by the incorporation of manure and not by NPK fertilization.
ABSTRACT In this work, the effect of manure and NPK fertilization on the yield of Hordeum vulgare L. var. Zapata and was installed on January 4, 2018 in the Alto Paraíso hamlet, located in the province of Santiago de Chuco, using a randomized complete block design with four repetitions and nine treatments in 3x3 factorial arrangement. The treatments were three sources of sheep manure: 0 t. ha-1, 2 t. ha-1, 4 t. ha-1 for three levels of NPK fertilization: 0-0-0; 40-40-40 and 80-80-80 kg. ha-1 of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively. The number of plants per square meter, tillers per plant, spikes per plant, spikes per square meter, grains per spike, spike length and plant height were evaluated. It was found that, with the incorporation of 4 t. ha-1 of sheep manure, a higher yield of barley (3.42 t. ha-1 grain) is obtained in relation to the control without manure (2.58 t. ha-1 of grain). With the incorporation of 4 t. ha-1 of sheep manure, a higher plant height (95.01 cm) and a greater number of spikes per square meter (707 spikes) are obtained in relation to the treatment without manure (84.68 cm and 603 spikes, respectively). With the 80-80-80 dose of NPK, a higher plant height (96.69 cm), a greater number of tillers per plant (2.19 tillers) and spikes per plant (2.19 ears) are obtained in relation to the control treatment (78.36 cm, 1.89 tillers and 1.88 spikes, respectively). Only when manure is not incorporated is response to fertilization at the 80-80-80 dose of NPK in spike length (63.5 mm) and in number of grains per spike (46.49 grains) in relation to treatment 0-0- 0 NPK (50.0 mm and 37.23 grains, respectively). The yield of barley var. Zapata in Alto Paraíso, Santiago de Chuco is affected by the incorporation of manure and not by NPK fertilization.
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Keywords
Fertilización, Abono orgánico, Suelo ácido, Cebada, Agricultura andina