Hipomineralización incisivo-molar y su relación a factores asociados, en escolares de 9 años de edad del distrito de La Esperanza, 2018
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Date
2018
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Objetivo: El presente estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal y correlacional; tuvo como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de Hipomineralización Incisivo Molar (HIM) y su relación a factores asociados, en escolares de 9 años de edad del Distrito La Esperanza, en el año 2018.
Materiales y métodos: Se evaluó una muestra de 227 escolares, los cuales debían presentar los cuatro primeros molares y los ocho incisivos permanentes. Previo consentimiento informado de los padres, se realizó el diagnóstico de HIM mediante inspección visual registrándose, el grado de severidad, patrón de distribución, grupo dentario y arco dentario. Además, se aplicó un cuestionario a los tutores de cada escolar para establecer los factores de riesgo asociados a HIM. Se realizó una calibración interexaminador e intraexaminador y para medir su reproductibilidad se aplicó la prueba Kappa de Cohen.
Resultados: La prevalencia de HIM fue 37.9%, no presentando diferencia significativa en el género. El grado de severidad leve fue mayor (35.7%), el patrón de distribución I fue mayor (30.8%), el arco dentario inferior (30.4%) y molares (33.9%) fueron más afectados. Los Factores de riesgo no presentaron diferencia estadística significativa (p > 0.05).
Conclusión: No existe asociación entre los factores de riesgo estudiados y HIM.
Objective: This observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study had as main objective to determine the prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization and its relation to associated factors, in schoolchildren of nine years of age in La Esperanza District, in 2018. Materials and methods: A sample of 227 schoolchildren was evaluated, which had to present the first four molars and the eight permanent incisors. Prior informed consent of the parents, the diagnosis of IMH was made by visual inspection, recording the degree of severity, distribution pattern, tooth group and dental arch. In addition, a questionnaire was applied to the tutors of each school to establish the risk factors associated with HIM. An inter-examiner and intra-examiner calibration was performed and Cohen's Kappa test was applied to measure its reproducibility. Results: The prevalence of HIM was 37.9%, with no significant difference in gender. The degree of mild severity was higher (35.7%), the distribution pattern I was higher (30.8%), the lower dental arch (30.4%) and molars (33.9%) were more affected. The risk factors did not show significant statistical difference (p> 0.05). Conclusion: There is no association between the risk factors studied and HIM.
Objective: This observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study had as main objective to determine the prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization and its relation to associated factors, in schoolchildren of nine years of age in La Esperanza District, in 2018. Materials and methods: A sample of 227 schoolchildren was evaluated, which had to present the first four molars and the eight permanent incisors. Prior informed consent of the parents, the diagnosis of IMH was made by visual inspection, recording the degree of severity, distribution pattern, tooth group and dental arch. In addition, a questionnaire was applied to the tutors of each school to establish the risk factors associated with HIM. An inter-examiner and intra-examiner calibration was performed and Cohen's Kappa test was applied to measure its reproducibility. Results: The prevalence of HIM was 37.9%, with no significant difference in gender. The degree of mild severity was higher (35.7%), the distribution pattern I was higher (30.8%), the lower dental arch (30.4%) and molars (33.9%) were more affected. The risk factors did not show significant statistical difference (p> 0.05). Conclusion: There is no association between the risk factors studied and HIM.
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Keywords
Hipomineralizaciòn incisivo molar, Factores de riesgo, Escolares