Modelamiento hidráulico del río Virú, desde la progresiva 20+364 hasta la progresiva 11+773, con fines de defensa ribereña, región La Libertad
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Date
2021
Authors
Hernández Urbina, Sergio Miguel
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Publisher
Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en el Río Virú, donde el incremento de caudal debido al periodo de lluvias se hace más frecuente año tras año, estos fenómenos traen como consecuencia la acción erosiva e inundaciones en las zonas aledañas. Por consiguiente, trae problemas de acumulación de sedimentos, afecta zonas de cultivos y problemas en las infraestructuras y vías de comunicación, dificultando el comercio y transporte afectando así la economía de la población. Por tales razones, se planteó una estructura de defensa ribereña con un ancho estable, teniendo en cuenta bases teóricas y métodos establecidos e identificando zonas críticas y de mayor afectación producido en el periodo de avenida. Para obtener los parámetros de diseño primero se realizó un levantamiento topográfico planimétrico y altimétrico, obteniendo una pendiente de 0.24%. Luego se realizó un análisis hidrológico del cual se determinó un caudal de diseño de 378.716 m3/seg, con un periodo de retorno de 140 años, una vida útil de la obra de 40 años y con un riesgo admisible de 25%. Para el estudio de mecánica de suelos se realizaron 2 calicatas para obtener la muestra de suelo se obtuvo un índice de plasticidad 8.93% y 5.87%, una densidad unitaria promedio de 1.76 y 1.69 gr/cm3, con contenido de humedad de 3.00 % y 1.6% y una clasificación de suelos unificados SUCS de SC y SC/SM respectivamente. Del análisis hidráulico, el número de Froude promedio fue 0.43, con una velocidad máxima de 4.74 m/seg y un tirante hidráulico máximo de 6.64.m dicha información nos permitió identificar zonas críticas con alta erosión y probabilidad de inundación. Finalmente se planteó defensas ribereñas con una altura de dique de 2.40m y 2.30 m, con un ancho de corona de 4.00 m, con talud de 1:2, y profundidad de uña de 1.80 m y 3.10 m, y un diámetro de enrocado de defensa de D50 de 0.40 m y anchos estables de 87 m y 86 m., tomando en consideración el uso de un filtro de grava con un geotextil.
ABSTRACT The present research work was carried out in the Virú River, where the increase in flow due to the rainy period becomes more frequent year after year, these phenomena result in erosive action and flooding in the surrounding areas. Consequently, it brings problems of sediment accumulation, affects crop areas and problems in infrastructure and communication routes, making trade and transportation difficult, thus affecting the economy of the population. For these reasons, a riparian defense structure with a stable width was proposed, taking into account theoretical bases and established methods and identifying critical areas with the greatest impact produced in the flood period. To obtain the design parameters, a planimetric and altimetric topographic survey was first carried out, obtaining a slope of 0.24%. Then a hydrological analysis was carried out, which determined a design flow of 378,716 m3 / sec, with a return period of 140 years, a useful life of the work of 40 years and with an admissible risk of 25%. For the study of soil mechanics, 2 pits were made to obtain the soil sample, a plasticity index of 8.93% and 5.87%, an average unit density of 1.76 and 1.69 gr / cm3, with moisture content of 3.00% and 1.6 % and a SUCS unified soil classification of SC and SC / SM respectively. From the hydraulic analysis, the average Froude number was 0.43, with a maximum velocity of 4.74 m / sec and a maximum hydraulic tie of 6.64.m. This information allowed us to identify critical areas with high erosion and flood probability. Finally, riverine defenses were proposed with a dike height of 2.40m and 2.30 m, with a crown width of 4.00 m, with a slope of 1: 2, and a nail depth of 1.80 m and 3.10 m, and a defense rockfall diameter of D50 of 0.40 m and stable widths of 87 m and 86 m, taking into consideration the use of a gravel filter with a geotextile.
ABSTRACT The present research work was carried out in the Virú River, where the increase in flow due to the rainy period becomes more frequent year after year, these phenomena result in erosive action and flooding in the surrounding areas. Consequently, it brings problems of sediment accumulation, affects crop areas and problems in infrastructure and communication routes, making trade and transportation difficult, thus affecting the economy of the population. For these reasons, a riparian defense structure with a stable width was proposed, taking into account theoretical bases and established methods and identifying critical areas with the greatest impact produced in the flood period. To obtain the design parameters, a planimetric and altimetric topographic survey was first carried out, obtaining a slope of 0.24%. Then a hydrological analysis was carried out, which determined a design flow of 378,716 m3 / sec, with a return period of 140 years, a useful life of the work of 40 years and with an admissible risk of 25%. For the study of soil mechanics, 2 pits were made to obtain the soil sample, a plasticity index of 8.93% and 5.87%, an average unit density of 1.76 and 1.69 gr / cm3, with moisture content of 3.00% and 1.6 % and a SUCS unified soil classification of SC and SC / SM respectively. From the hydraulic analysis, the average Froude number was 0.43, with a maximum velocity of 4.74 m / sec and a maximum hydraulic tie of 6.64.m. This information allowed us to identify critical areas with high erosion and flood probability. Finally, riverine defenses were proposed with a dike height of 2.40m and 2.30 m, with a crown width of 4.00 m, with a slope of 1: 2, and a nail depth of 1.80 m and 3.10 m, and a defense rockfall diameter of D50 of 0.40 m and stable widths of 87 m and 86 m, taking into consideration the use of a gravel filter with a geotextile.
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Keywords
Inundación, Erosión, Defensa ribereña