Intervención subsidiaria del Estado en la regulación de precios de bienes esenciales especulados: la calamidad pública como supuesto habilitador
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar si la calamidad pública es un supuesto que constitucionalmente habilita la intervención subsidiaria del Estado en la regulación de precios de bienes esenciales especulados. Se trata de una investigación de tipo aplicada, con enfoque cualitativo y enmarcada en el diseño de investigación-acción. Para la recopilación de datos se emplearon las técnicas de análisis documental y entrevista. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante el método deductivo-inductivo, analítico-sintético, sistemático, hermenéutico y el dialéctico. Los hallazgos revelan que el principio de subsidiariedad tiene una dimensión conceptual más amplia que el enfoque empresarial estipulado en el artículo 60 de la Constitución, posibilitando, en el marco de una Economía Social de Mercado, la
intervención estatal en la actividad económica general para prevenir o neutralizar abusos de poder. Si bien el artículo 59 garantiza la libertad de empresa, su ejercicio no debe lesionar la moral, seguridad y salud públicas. De ahí que, en contextos de calamidad pública, donde la salud pública se encuentre lesionada o en riesgo, el Estado tiene el poder-deber de regular el mercado, bajo determinadas condiciones y límites. Por tanto, se concluye que la calamidad pública sí es un supuesto que constitucionalmente habilita la intervención subsidiaria del Estado en la regulación de precios de bienes esenciales especulados.
ABSTRACT The objective of the research was to determine whether public calamity is a constitutional assumption that enables the subsidiary intervention of the State in the regulation of prices of speculated essential goods. This is an applied research, with a qualitative approach and framed in the action-research design. Documentary analysis and interview techniques were used for data collection. Data analysis was carried out using the deductive-inductive, analytical-synthetic, systematic, hermeneutic and dialectic methods. The findings reveal that the principle of subsidiarity has a broader historical and conceptual dimension than the business approach stipulated in Article 60 of the Constitution. Its application transcends the sphere of entrepreneurial activity, making possible, within the framework of a Social Market Economy, state intervention in general economic activity to prevent or neutralize abuses of power. Although Article 59 guarantees freedom of enterprise, its exercise must not harm public morals, safety and health. Hence, in contexts of public calamity, where public health is at risk, the State has the power and duty to regulate the market, under certain conditions and limits. Therefore, it is concluded that public calamity is a situation that constitutionally enables the subsidiary intervention of the State in the regulation of prices of speculated essential goods.
ABSTRACT The objective of the research was to determine whether public calamity is a constitutional assumption that enables the subsidiary intervention of the State in the regulation of prices of speculated essential goods. This is an applied research, with a qualitative approach and framed in the action-research design. Documentary analysis and interview techniques were used for data collection. Data analysis was carried out using the deductive-inductive, analytical-synthetic, systematic, hermeneutic and dialectic methods. The findings reveal that the principle of subsidiarity has a broader historical and conceptual dimension than the business approach stipulated in Article 60 of the Constitution. Its application transcends the sphere of entrepreneurial activity, making possible, within the framework of a Social Market Economy, state intervention in general economic activity to prevent or neutralize abuses of power. Although Article 59 guarantees freedom of enterprise, its exercise must not harm public morals, safety and health. Hence, in contexts of public calamity, where public health is at risk, the State has the power and duty to regulate the market, under certain conditions and limits. Therefore, it is concluded that public calamity is a situation that constitutionally enables the subsidiary intervention of the State in the regulation of prices of speculated essential goods.
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Keywords
Principio de subsidiariedad, Economía Social de Mercado, Abuso de poder económico, Salud pública,, Regulación de precios