La eficacia del acceso a la justicia ambiental mediante el amparo en el Perú: caso Comunidad Nativa Tres Islas
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Esta investigación aborda la eficacia del acceso a la justicia ambiental a través del recurso de amparo en el Perú. Para tal propósito se siguió una metodología de enfoque cualitativo y de tipo estudio de caso, en el marco de la cual se seleccionó el caso de la Comunidad Nativa Tres Islas. Este estudio está guiado por una teoría inicial propia que considera tres etapas para evaluar la eficacia de las ormas: cumplimiento normativo, aplicación práctica y realización de los fines. El análisis reveló que el acceso a la justicia ambiental en nuestro país no es lo suficientemente eficaz para cumplir la triada propuesta, debido a limitaciones en su marco regulatorio, implementación y la limitada capacidad actual de aplicación del Estado. Se examinó el recurso de amparo como una herramienta valiosa, pero también con restricciones en su alcance y especialización. Comparativamente, se analizaron las experiencias de Colombia, Brasil y México, destacando su evolución legislativa y jurisprudencial en aspectos como la participación ciudadana y la equidad. Además, se enfocó la necesaria intersección entre derechos humanos y medio ambiente brindados por los estándares interamericanos ambientales. Se concluye que, a pesar de los avances, la justicia ambiental en el Perú enfrenta desafíos complejos, enfatizando la necesidad de especialización, enfoque intercultural y multidisciplinario en la perspectiva jurídica.
ABSTRACT This research addresses the effectiveness of access to environmental justice through the writ of amparo in Peru. For this purpose, a qualitative approach and case study methodology was followed, in the framework of which the case of the Tres Islas Native Community was selected. This study is guided by an initial theory of its own that considers three stages for evaluating the effectiveness of norms: normative compliance, practical application and realization of purposes. The analysis revealed that access to environmental justice in our country is not effective enough to fulfill the proposed triad, due to limitations in its regulatory framework, implementation and the current limited enforcement capacity of the State. The amparo recourse was examined as a valuable tool, but also with restrictions in its scope and specialization. Comparatively, the experiences of Colombia, Brazil and Mexico were analyzed, highlighting their legislative and jurisprudential evolution in aspects such as citizen participation and equity. It also focused on the necessary intersection between human rights and the environment provided by inter-American environmental standards. It is concluded that, despite the advances, environmental justice in Peru faces complex challenges, emphasizing the need for specialization, intercultural and multidisciplinary approach in the legal perspective.
ABSTRACT This research addresses the effectiveness of access to environmental justice through the writ of amparo in Peru. For this purpose, a qualitative approach and case study methodology was followed, in the framework of which the case of the Tres Islas Native Community was selected. This study is guided by an initial theory of its own that considers three stages for evaluating the effectiveness of norms: normative compliance, practical application and realization of purposes. The analysis revealed that access to environmental justice in our country is not effective enough to fulfill the proposed triad, due to limitations in its regulatory framework, implementation and the current limited enforcement capacity of the State. The amparo recourse was examined as a valuable tool, but also with restrictions in its scope and specialization. Comparatively, the experiences of Colombia, Brazil and Mexico were analyzed, highlighting their legislative and jurisprudential evolution in aspects such as citizen participation and equity. It also focused on the necessary intersection between human rights and the environment provided by inter-American environmental standards. It is concluded that, despite the advances, environmental justice in Peru faces complex challenges, emphasizing the need for specialization, intercultural and multidisciplinary approach in the legal perspective.
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Keywords
Justicia Ambiental, Acceso a la Justicia, Derecho Ambiental, Medio ambiente, Comunidad Nativa Tres Islas