Efecto de la temperatura sobre la velocidad de reacción del 2- nitrobenzaldehido y etilenglicol en la síntesis del 2-(2- nitrofenil)-1,3-dioxaciclopentano
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Date
2022
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación que se realizo tiene como finalidad determinar cómo influye la temperatura en la velocidad de reacción para obtener el 2-(2-nitrofenil)-1,3- dioxaciclopentano cuyos reactantes fueron el 2-nitrobenzaldehido, etilenglicol catalizado con ácido y como solvente el benceno. La investigación se realizó mediante la determinación de la cinética química de velocidad de reacción a dos temperaturas diferentes a 50°C y 70 °C. De acuerdo con este método, sometimos a los dos reactantes en un medio ácido con un solvente orgánico (benceno). Se instaló un equipo de destilación a reflujo con separador de solventes livianos a las temperaturas de 50 y 70 ° C; hasta un volumen constante de agua lo que nos indicó que la reacción química ha finalizado. Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados , los porcentaje de rendimiento del producto fue de 80% y de 88 % a 50°C y 70°C, El punto de ebullición del producto obtenido es de 145 °C, la densidad a 22°C fue de 1,219 g/ml, el índice de refracción del producto 1,5104; la energía de activación es de 4,103 Kcal/mol, el tiempo de vida media a 50°C y 70°C es de 0,47 y 0,33 horas respectivamente. De acuerdo a los análisis que se realizaron químicos y físicos al producto sintetizado se determinó que es el 2-(2-nitrofenil)-1,3-dioxaciclopentano y el estudio cinético se determinó que la reacción química tiene un comportamiento de primer orden.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this research work is to determine how temperature influences the reaction rate to obtain 2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1, 3-dioxacyclopentane whose reactants were 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, ethylene glycol catalyzed with acid and benzene as a solvent. The investigation was carried out va determining the chemical kinetics of the reaction rate at two different temperatures, 50°C and 70°C. According to this method, we subjected the two reactants to an acid medium with an organic solvent (benzene). Reflux distillation equipment with light solvent separator was installed at temperatures of 50 and 70 °C; up to a constant volume of water, which indicated that the chemical reaction has finished. The following results were obtained, the yield percentage of the product was 80% and 88% at 50°C and 70°C, the boiling point of the product obtained is 145°C, the density at 22°C was 1.219 g/mL, the refractive index of the product 1.5104; the activation energy is 4.103 Kcal/mol, the half-life at 50°C and 70°C is 0.47 and 0.33 hours, respectively. According to the chemical and physical analyzes that were carried out on the synthesized product, it was determined that it is 2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dioxacyclopentane and the kinetic study determined that the chemical reaction has a first-order behavior.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this research work is to determine how temperature influences the reaction rate to obtain 2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1, 3-dioxacyclopentane whose reactants were 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, ethylene glycol catalyzed with acid and benzene as a solvent. The investigation was carried out va determining the chemical kinetics of the reaction rate at two different temperatures, 50°C and 70°C. According to this method, we subjected the two reactants to an acid medium with an organic solvent (benzene). Reflux distillation equipment with light solvent separator was installed at temperatures of 50 and 70 °C; up to a constant volume of water, which indicated that the chemical reaction has finished. The following results were obtained, the yield percentage of the product was 80% and 88% at 50°C and 70°C, the boiling point of the product obtained is 145°C, the density at 22°C was 1.219 g/mL, the refractive index of the product 1.5104; the activation energy is 4.103 Kcal/mol, the half-life at 50°C and 70°C is 0.47 and 0.33 hours, respectively. According to the chemical and physical analyzes that were carried out on the synthesized product, it was determined that it is 2-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dioxacyclopentane and the kinetic study determined that the chemical reaction has a first-order behavior.
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Keywords
Cinética Química, velocidad de reacción, tiempo de vida media