Presencia Huari en el valle de Moche: El estudio de los textiles del Horizonte Medio en Huaca del Sol
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Date
2021
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Huari es una de las culturas cuya expansión pasó las fronteras altoandinas llegando hasta las zonas costeras peruanas, incluyendo Huaca del Sol, un sitio Moche. En Huaca del Sol existe
una ocupación del periodo del Horizonte Medio establecido por contextos funerarios post Moche, los cuales se identifican por presentar características distintas a los estilos costeños y sus asociaciones tienen peculiaridades innatas de la serranía. Los textiles forman parte de estas asociaciones y son el objeto de estudio de esta tesis, estos presentan aspectos vistos en otros sitios costeños con ocupación Huari. Además de los textiles de estilo Huari, existen otros textiles con influencia Huari que se unen con el estilo local Moche; y, otros estilos con características serranas. Los textiles Huari de la sierra están compuestos por hilos de pelo de camélido y los objetos más característicos son las túnicas tie dye y, los tapices entrelazados. Por otro lado, los textiles Moche – Huari exponen una integración de estructura y diseños iconográficos instaurando una innovación estilística. En esta tesis se expondrán los datos técnicos de los textiles, la iconografía y los estilos presentes dentro del corpus textil, el cual se seleccionó siguiendo criterios de diseño y de singularidades estructurales. Se mostrarán sitios costeños que presenten semejanza textil y se discutirá sobre las posibilidades de la obtención y producción textil durante esta época. Esta información brinda los cimientos para futuras investigaciones y aporta datos para un mayor conocimiento del Horizonte Medio en la costa norte.
ABSTRACT Huari is one of the cultures whose expansion crossed the high Andean borders reaching the Peruvian coastal areas, including the archaeological site of Huaca del Sol, a Moche site. In Huaca del Sol there is an occupation of the Middle Horizon period established by “post Moche” funerary contexts, which are identified by presenting different characteristics from the coastal styles and their associations who have innate peculiarities of the highlands. Textiles are part of these associations and are the object of study of this research, they present aspects seen in other coastal sites with Huari occupation. In addition to the Huari style textiles, there are textiles with Huari influence that merge with the local Moche style; and, other styles with highlands characteristics. The Huari textiles of the highlands are elaborated of camelid hair threads and the most characteristic objects are “tie dye” tunics and interlaced tapestries. On the other hand, Moche - Huari textiles show an integration of structure and iconographic designs, establishing a stylistic innovation. In this research, the technical data of the textiles, the iconography and the styles present within this textile corpus will be explained, which was selected following design criteria and structural singularities. Coastal sites that show textile similarity will be shown and the possibilities of obtaining and producing textiles during this time will be discussed. This information provides the foundation for future research and provides data for a better understanding of the Middle Horizon on the North Coast.
ABSTRACT Huari is one of the cultures whose expansion crossed the high Andean borders reaching the Peruvian coastal areas, including the archaeological site of Huaca del Sol, a Moche site. In Huaca del Sol there is an occupation of the Middle Horizon period established by “post Moche” funerary contexts, which are identified by presenting different characteristics from the coastal styles and their associations who have innate peculiarities of the highlands. Textiles are part of these associations and are the object of study of this research, they present aspects seen in other coastal sites with Huari occupation. In addition to the Huari style textiles, there are textiles with Huari influence that merge with the local Moche style; and, other styles with highlands characteristics. The Huari textiles of the highlands are elaborated of camelid hair threads and the most characteristic objects are “tie dye” tunics and interlaced tapestries. On the other hand, Moche - Huari textiles show an integration of structure and iconographic designs, establishing a stylistic innovation. In this research, the technical data of the textiles, the iconography and the styles present within this textile corpus will be explained, which was selected following design criteria and structural singularities. Coastal sites that show textile similarity will be shown and the possibilities of obtaining and producing textiles during this time will be discussed. This information provides the foundation for future research and provides data for a better understanding of the Middle Horizon on the North Coast.
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Keywords
Horizonte Medio, Moche – Huari, Textiles prehispánicos