Huaca Tomabal. Arquitectura y actividades religiosas durante los periodos Arcaico-Formativo en el valle de Virú
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como principal propósito el estudio arquitectónico, funcional e iconográfico de las distintas estructuras, atribuidas a la Tradición Mito, registradas en los edificios del sitio arqueológico Huaca Tomabal durante el periodo Precerámico Tardío en el valle medio de Virú. El objetivo de este estudio es el de incrementar el entendimiento acerca de la naturaleza de la presencia de la Tradición Mito en sitios costeños, establecer las variaciones regionales representadas a manera de cambios en la arquitectura y una aproximación al arte mural temprano mediante los motivos registrados en los murales polícromos del sitio arqueológico. Para ello, se optó por realizar intervenciones arqueológicas mediante dos unidades de excavación ubicadas en dos de los cuatro vértices del recinto principal. En este sentido, se optó por emplear el Procesualismo como base teórica, enfatizándonos en la función y uso de las estructuras como parte de la organización social y un particular interés en las distintas remodelaciones arquitectónicas realizadas a lo largo del tiempo. Probablemente, en respuesta a diversos factores, como cambios en la organización social, tecnológica o económica. Tras las excavaciones se pudo identificar un total de 5 edificios superpuestos y muros polícromos que bordean la totalidad del paramento externo del recinto principal; así como la presencia de la Tradición Mito en el sitio arqueológico, identificada comúnmente como el uso de un recinto de planta cuadrada, el cual cuenta con un fogón central, vanos de ventilación y el uso de pisos a doble nivel mediante los términos de pericausto y epicausto, además de la presencia de nichos en una etapa más compleja
ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research is the architectural, functional and iconographic study of the different structures attributed to the Mito Tradition, recorded in the buildings of the Huaca Tomabal archaeological site during the Late Preceramic period in the middle Virú valley. The objective of this study is to increase the understanding of the nature of the presence of the Mito Tradition in coastal sites, to establish the regional variations represented by changes in architecture and an approach to early mural art through the motifs recorded in the polychrome murals of the archaeological site. To do so, it was decided to carry out archaeological interventions through two excavation units located in two of the four vertices of the main enclosure. In this sense, it was decided to use Procesualism as a theoretical basis, emphasizing the function and use of the structures as part of the social organization and a particular interest in the different architectural remodelings carried out over time. Probably, in response to various factors, such as changes in the social, technological or economic organization. Following the excavations, a total of 5 superimposed buildings and polychrome walls that border the entire external wall of the main enclosure were identified; as well as the presence of the Myth Tradition in the archaeological site, identified as the use of a square-shaped enclosure, which has a central hearth, ventilation openings and the use of double-level floors through the terms pericausto and epicausto, in addition to the presence of niches in a more complex stage
ABSTRACT The main purpose of this research is the architectural, functional and iconographic study of the different structures attributed to the Mito Tradition, recorded in the buildings of the Huaca Tomabal archaeological site during the Late Preceramic period in the middle Virú valley. The objective of this study is to increase the understanding of the nature of the presence of the Mito Tradition in coastal sites, to establish the regional variations represented by changes in architecture and an approach to early mural art through the motifs recorded in the polychrome murals of the archaeological site. To do so, it was decided to carry out archaeological interventions through two excavation units located in two of the four vertices of the main enclosure. In this sense, it was decided to use Procesualism as a theoretical basis, emphasizing the function and use of the structures as part of the social organization and a particular interest in the different architectural remodelings carried out over time. Probably, in response to various factors, such as changes in the social, technological or economic organization. Following the excavations, a total of 5 superimposed buildings and polychrome walls that border the entire external wall of the main enclosure were identified; as well as the presence of the Myth Tradition in the archaeological site, identified as the use of a square-shaped enclosure, which has a central hearth, ventilation openings and the use of double-level floors through the terms pericausto and epicausto, in addition to the presence of niches in a more complex stage
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Keywords
Recinto ceremonial, Periodo precerámico, Arquitectura monumental