Efecto de la ventana de nacimiento y el acceso a la alimentación temprana en el desarrollo de patos criollos mejorados, en Agropecuaria Chicama S.A.C. - La Libertad
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Date
2017
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La investigación se realizó en la empresa Agropecuaria Chicama S.A.C., ubicada en Ascope-Chicama, La Libertad; con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de la ventana de nacimiento y el tiempo de inicio en la alimentación sobre el crecimiento de patos criollos desde el nacimiento hasta 21 días de edad. Se emplearon 612 patos BB, en un DBCA, con 3 bloques y 2 tratamientos. Los grupos de nacimientos fueron: 8:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m. y 8:00 p.m., y de alimentación: tardía (T1), a las 24 horas de llegada del ave, y temprana (T2) inmediata. Para el incremento de peso se determinaron diferencias estadísticas altamente significativas (P<0,01) tanto entre los tratamientos como en la hora que nacen. El T2 tuvo un valor de 304,2 g mayor que T1 con 284,9g. Con respecto a la hora de nacimiento los que nacieron a las 8 a.m. lograron un mayor incremento con 320,9 g; en relación a los de 2 p.m. con 300,8 g y a los de las 8 p.m. con 261,6 g. En el consumo de alimento y en la conversión alimenticia no se hallaron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos (P >0,05), pero si para la hora de nacimiento (P<0,05). Los valores respectivos fueron de 598,2 g y 1,9 para las 8 a.m., de 575,5 g y 1,9 para las 2 p.m., y 591 g y 2,3 para 8 p.m. En el porcentaje de mortalidad no se determinaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos (P>0,05), pero si para la hora de nacimiento (p<0,05) los porcentajes fueron de 3,9%, 6,4% y 9,8% para las 8 a.m., y 2 y 8 p.m. respectivamente. Se concluye que los patos que nacen a las 8 a.m. y tienen un acceso inmediato a la alimentación ostentan mejores parámetros productivos y menor mortalidad hasta los 21 días de edad.
ABSTRACT The research was conducted in Agropecuaria Chicama S.A.C., located in Ascope-Chicama, La Libertad; in order to determine the effect of the window of birth and the start time in feeding on the growth of Muscovy ducks from birth to 21 days old. BB 612 ducks were used in a RBD with 3 blocks and 2 treatments. Births groups were: 8:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m., and Feeding: Later (T1), after 24 hours of arrival of the bird, and Early (T2) immediately. For weight gain highly significant statistical difference (P <0.01) both between treatments and when born were determined. The T2 had a value of 304.2 g greater than T1 with 284,9g. Regarding the birth time those born at 8 a.m. achieved a greater increase with 320.9 g; in relation to 2 p.m. with 300.8 g and to 8 p.m. with 261.6 g. In feed intake and feed conversion no significant difference between treatments (P> 0.05) were calculated, but yes for the time of birth (P <0.05). The respective values were 598.2 g and 1.9 for 8 am, of 575.5 g and 1.9 to 2 pm, and 591 g and 2.3 to 8 pm In the mortality rate no significant differences were determined between treatments (P> 0.05), but yes for the time of birth (p <0.05) the percentages were 3.9%, 6.4% and 9.8% for 8 am and 2 and 8 pm respectively. It is concluded that ducks born at 8 a.m. and have immediate access to food hold better productive parameters and lower mortality at 21 days old.
ABSTRACT The research was conducted in Agropecuaria Chicama S.A.C., located in Ascope-Chicama, La Libertad; in order to determine the effect of the window of birth and the start time in feeding on the growth of Muscovy ducks from birth to 21 days old. BB 612 ducks were used in a RBD with 3 blocks and 2 treatments. Births groups were: 8:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m. and 8:00 p.m., and Feeding: Later (T1), after 24 hours of arrival of the bird, and Early (T2) immediately. For weight gain highly significant statistical difference (P <0.01) both between treatments and when born were determined. The T2 had a value of 304.2 g greater than T1 with 284,9g. Regarding the birth time those born at 8 a.m. achieved a greater increase with 320.9 g; in relation to 2 p.m. with 300.8 g and to 8 p.m. with 261.6 g. In feed intake and feed conversion no significant difference between treatments (P> 0.05) were calculated, but yes for the time of birth (P <0.05). The respective values were 598.2 g and 1.9 for 8 am, of 575.5 g and 1.9 to 2 pm, and 591 g and 2.3 to 8 pm In the mortality rate no significant differences were determined between treatments (P> 0.05), but yes for the time of birth (p <0.05) the percentages were 3.9%, 6.4% and 9.8% for 8 am and 2 and 8 pm respectively. It is concluded that ducks born at 8 a.m. and have immediate access to food hold better productive parameters and lower mortality at 21 days old.
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Keywords
Ventana de nacimiento, Alimentación temprana, Pato criollo, Parámetros productivos