Efecto in vitro del extracto etanólico de cladodios de Opuntia ficus-indica sobre la embrionación del huevo y la supervivencia de la larva L2 de Ascaris suum
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La infección por Ascaris suum en el cerdo causa pérdidas económicas a nivel mundial. Para el tratamiento se utiliza la quimioterapia que induce a la aparición de resistencia y deteriora el medio ambiente lo que sugiere la necesidad de buscar alternativas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto del extracto etanólico de cladodios de Opuntia ficus-indica de Otuzco (Perú), a las concentraciones de 25; 50 y 100 mg/mL sobre la embrionación del huevo y a las concentraciones de 100; 150 y 200 mg/mL sobre la supervivencia de la larva L2 de A. suum in vitro. Se condujo un experimento con controles negativos (en medio M9 para la embrionación y Medio RPMI para la supervivencia) y grupos experimentales con el extracto a 25, 50 y 100 mg/mL sobre la embrionación y 100, 150 y 200 mg/mL sobre la supervivencia. El mayor efecto sobre la embrionación (p<0.05) fue observado en la concentración de 100 mg/mL; sin embargo, las concentraciones de 50 mg/mL y 25 mg/mL también mostraron efecto larvicida. El porcentaje de supervivencia en el control negativo fue de 80.3%; con 100 mg/mL, 72.5%; con 150 mg/mL, 66.7% y con 200 mg/mL, 38.2% (p<0,05). En conclusión, el extracto etanólico de las cáscaras de cladodios de O. ficus-indica tiene una actividad dosis-dependiente sobre la embrionación del huevo y supervivencia de la larva L2 de A. suum; por lo tanto, se le puede atribuir actividad ovicida y larvicida in vitro debida, probablemente, a los flavonoides presentes en las cáscaras de los cladodios
Ascaris suum infection in pigs causes economic losses worldwide. Chemotherapy is used for treatment, which induces the emergence of resistance and deteriorates the environment, suggesting the need to look for alternatives. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the ethanolic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes from Otuzco (Peru), at concentrations of 25; 50 and 100 mg/mL on egg embryonation and at concentrations of 100; 150 and 200 mg/mL on the survival of A. suum L2 larva in vitro. An experiment was conducted with negative controls (in M9 medium for embryonation and RPMI Medium for survival) and experimental groups with the extract at 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL on embryonation and 100, 150 and 200 mg/mL on survival. The greatest effect on embryonation (p<0,05) was observed at the concentration of 100 mg/mL; however, concentrations of 50 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL also showed larvicidal effect. The survival percentage in the negative control was 80.3%; with 100 mg/mL, 72.5%; with 150 mg/mL, 66.7% and with 200 mg/mL, 38.2% (p<0,05). In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of the cladode shells of O. ficus-indica has a dose-dependent activity on egg embryonation and survival of the L2 larva of A. suum; therefore, ovicidal and larvicidal activity in vitro can be attributed, probably due to the flavonoids present in the shells of the cladodes.
Ascaris suum infection in pigs causes economic losses worldwide. Chemotherapy is used for treatment, which induces the emergence of resistance and deteriorates the environment, suggesting the need to look for alternatives. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the ethanolic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes from Otuzco (Peru), at concentrations of 25; 50 and 100 mg/mL on egg embryonation and at concentrations of 100; 150 and 200 mg/mL on the survival of A. suum L2 larva in vitro. An experiment was conducted with negative controls (in M9 medium for embryonation and RPMI Medium for survival) and experimental groups with the extract at 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL on embryonation and 100, 150 and 200 mg/mL on survival. The greatest effect on embryonation (p<0,05) was observed at the concentration of 100 mg/mL; however, concentrations of 50 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL also showed larvicidal effect. The survival percentage in the negative control was 80.3%; with 100 mg/mL, 72.5%; with 150 mg/mL, 66.7% and with 200 mg/mL, 38.2% (p<0,05). In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of the cladode shells of O. ficus-indica has a dose-dependent activity on egg embryonation and survival of the L2 larva of A. suum; therefore, ovicidal and larvicidal activity in vitro can be attributed, probably due to the flavonoids present in the shells of the cladodes.
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Keywords
Ascaris suum, embrionación, in vitro, cladodios, Opuntia ficus-indica, RPMI