Sistemas de propagación de Grabowskia boerhaviifolia (L.f.) Schltdl, para lograr la restauración ecológica del bosque seco ecuatorial del Perú
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Date
2022
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Grabowskia boerhaviifolia (L.f.) Schltdl, es una especie perteneciente a la familia Solanácea, componente de la biodiversidad vegetal de los Bosques Tropicales Estacionalmente Secos de llanura. Ecosistemas propios de la Costa Norte del Perú, los mismos que se han constituido en ambientes frágiles por las bajas precipitaciones estacionales y la actividad antrópica. La ausencia de esta especie en los ecosistemas de La Libertad, ha ocasionado la ausencia también de Phytotoma raimondii Taczanowski, ave que guarda una estrecha relación con esta planta; razón por la cual se trazó como objetivo desarrollar sistemas de propagación, los mismos que permitirán obtener plantones para ser introducidos en ambientes clave a partir de los cuales se amplíe la población de Grabowskia y permitan restaurar los ecosistemas. De acuerdo a la morfometría de frutos y semillas se consideran frutos y semillas pequeñas, la germinación de semillas alcanzó 26%, el enraizamiento del 58% de estacas, resultó mejor en agua corriente, seguido del 38% en bajas concentraciones de AIB. La transferencia de plantines y estacas enraizadas a macetas y luego a campo definitivo fue exitoso. El monitoreo del desarrollo de las parcelas de Grabowskia permitió conocer que esta planta presenta tres fases reproductivas de cuatro meses en el año, constituyéndose en una especie clave para alimento de aves y otros animales permitiendo la restauración del bosque seco ecuatorial o Bosques Tropicales Estacionalmente Secos de llanura.
Grabowskia boerhaviifolia (L.f.) Schltdl, is a species belonging to the Solanaceae family, a component of the plant biodiversity of the Seasonally dry Tropical Lowland Forests. Ecosystems typical of the North Coast of Peru, the same ones that have become fragile environments due to low seasonal rainfall and anthropic activity. The absence of this species in the ecosystems of La Libertad, has also caused the absence of Phytotoma raimondii Taczanowski, a bird that is very dependient to this plant; For this reason, the objective was to develop propagation systems, the same ones that will allow obtaining seedlings to be introduced into key environments from which the Grabowskia population will expand and allow ecosystems to be restored. According to the morphometry of fruits and seeds, they are considered small fruits and seeds, seed germination reached 26%, rooting of 58% of cuttings, it was better in running water, followed by 38% in low concentrations of IBA. The transfer of seedlings and rooted cuttings to pots and then to the definitive field was successful. The monitoring of the development of the Grabowskia plots allowed us to know that this plant has three reproductive phases of four months in the year, becoming a key species for food of birds and other animals allowing restoration of equatorial dry forest or Seasonally dry Tropical Lowland Forests.
Grabowskia boerhaviifolia (L.f.) Schltdl, is a species belonging to the Solanaceae family, a component of the plant biodiversity of the Seasonally dry Tropical Lowland Forests. Ecosystems typical of the North Coast of Peru, the same ones that have become fragile environments due to low seasonal rainfall and anthropic activity. The absence of this species in the ecosystems of La Libertad, has also caused the absence of Phytotoma raimondii Taczanowski, a bird that is very dependient to this plant; For this reason, the objective was to develop propagation systems, the same ones that will allow obtaining seedlings to be introduced into key environments from which the Grabowskia population will expand and allow ecosystems to be restored. According to the morphometry of fruits and seeds, they are considered small fruits and seeds, seed germination reached 26%, rooting of 58% of cuttings, it was better in running water, followed by 38% in low concentrations of IBA. The transfer of seedlings and rooted cuttings to pots and then to the definitive field was successful. The monitoring of the development of the Grabowskia plots allowed us to know that this plant has three reproductive phases of four months in the year, becoming a key species for food of birds and other animals allowing restoration of equatorial dry forest or Seasonally dry Tropical Lowland Forests.
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Keywords
Restauración ecológica
Bosque seco