Calefacción automotriz utilizando gases producto de la combustión para el confort térmico de pasajeros durante su travesía en regiones de frio extremo.
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Date
2024-09
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El actual estudio se generó con el fin de satisfacer el confort térmico en pasajeros que
viajan por las regiones de muy bajas temperaturas, para ello fue necesario el diseño de
un equipo que satisfaga dicha necesidad teniendo en consideración parámetros termo
fluídicos.
Dicho diseño corresponde al de un intercambiador de calor el cual funciona con dos
fluidos: gases productos de la combustión y el aire frio del ambiente que los rodea,
ello servirá para calentar el aire frio y ser llevado a cabina, previamente condicionando
la temperatura de este a la cabina con el fin brindar confort a los pasajeros.
Durante este proceso se analizó la carga térmica producida el bus Mercedes Benz L200
(teniendo en consideración sus paredes, puerta, vidrios, piso y techo) y por los
pasajeros, para poder determinar luego la carga térmica que deberá de tener nuestro
intercambiador de calor.
Con el fin de garantizar un correcto funcionamiento se realizaron simulaciones del
intercambiador de calor, utilizando los programas SOLIDWORKS, ANSYS,
MATLAB, posteriormente se mostraron los resultados.
Se consideró una temperatura interna para el confort de 20°C y temperatura de externa
7°C, con lo cual se obtuvo 2.36 𝑘𝑊 como carga térmica total del vehículo y una carga
térmica para el intercambiador de calor de 3.54 𝑘𝑊.
Mediante una metodología de diseño se concluyó que el intercambiador de calor por
tubos es el idóneo para el presente trabajo, se obtuvo que la temperatura de salida del
aire caliente es de 130.1°C y la longitud de los tubos de 177.51 mm de largo, pero
como no se consideran regiones en desarrollo se utilizó una longitud comercial de 250
mm.
This project was carried out with the purpose of satisfying the thermal comfort of passengers traveling in regions with very low temperatures. For this end, it was necessary to design an equipment that satisfies this need taking into consideration thermo-fluidic parameters. This design corresponds to a heat exchanger which works with two fluids: combustion gases and cold air from the surrounding environment, this will serve to heat the cold air and be taken to the cabin, previously conditioning the temperature of this to the cabin in order to provide comfort to passengers. In order to guarantee a correct operation, simulations of the heat exchanger were carried out, using SOLIDWORKS, ANSYS, MATLAB programs, later the results were shown. During this process, the thermal load produced by the Mercedes Benz L200 bus (taking into consideration its walls, door, glass, floor and ceiling) and by the passengers was analyzed in order to determine the thermal load that our heat exchanger should have. An internal comfort temperature of 20°C and an external temperature of 7°C, were considered, resulting in a total thermal load of 2.36 KW for the vehicle and a thermal load for the heat exchanger of 3.54 KW. By means of a design methodology, it was concluded that the tube heat exchanger is the most suitable for the present work. It was obtained that the hot air outlet temperature is 130.1 °C and the tube length is 177.51 mm long, but since regions under development are not considered, a commercial length of 250 mm was used.
This project was carried out with the purpose of satisfying the thermal comfort of passengers traveling in regions with very low temperatures. For this end, it was necessary to design an equipment that satisfies this need taking into consideration thermo-fluidic parameters. This design corresponds to a heat exchanger which works with two fluids: combustion gases and cold air from the surrounding environment, this will serve to heat the cold air and be taken to the cabin, previously conditioning the temperature of this to the cabin in order to provide comfort to passengers. In order to guarantee a correct operation, simulations of the heat exchanger were carried out, using SOLIDWORKS, ANSYS, MATLAB programs, later the results were shown. During this process, the thermal load produced by the Mercedes Benz L200 bus (taking into consideration its walls, door, glass, floor and ceiling) and by the passengers was analyzed in order to determine the thermal load that our heat exchanger should have. An internal comfort temperature of 20°C and an external temperature of 7°C, were considered, resulting in a total thermal load of 2.36 KW for the vehicle and a thermal load for the heat exchanger of 3.54 KW. By means of a design methodology, it was concluded that the tube heat exchanger is the most suitable for the present work. It was obtained that the hot air outlet temperature is 130.1 °C and the tube length is 177.51 mm long, but since regions under development are not considered, a commercial length of 250 mm was used.
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Keywords
TECHNOLOGY::Engineering mechanics::Other engineering mechanics