“Implementación de un plan ergonómico para reducir riesgos ergonómicos en los trabajadores de Sama Ocupacional, Trujillo -2022”
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Date
2024-10
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal implementar un plan ergonómico
para reducir los riesgos ergonómicos en la empresa Sama Ocupacional, Trujillo 2022; para
lo cual, el diseño que se uso fue experimental de categorización pre experimental donde se
realizó una pre evaluación y luego una post evaluación una vez implementado el plan
ergonómico, la muestra estuvo conformada por 15 trabajadores y para ello se empleó como
instrumentos, la Ficha para la identificación y evaluación rápida de riesgos ergonómicos,
con los factores de riesgos encontrados se emplea la metodología REBA para posturas y
movimientos forzados y el Check List OCRA para movimientos repetitivos.
Una vez empleada la metodología REBA para la pre-evaluación se obtuvo como resultado
que el 73,33% presenta un nivel de riesgo Medio y el 26,67% presenta un nivel de riesgo
Alto; en cuanto la evaluación por la metodología Check List Ocra nos dio como resultado
que el 100% presentan un nivel de riego Inaceptable Medio. Posterior a ello, se elaboró y se
implementó el plan ergonómico, donde a través de las pausas activas, capacitaciones y
rediseños de puestos, se obtuvo el 100% del cumplimiento del plan ergonómico.
Finalmente, se realizó la post-evaluación y se obtuvo una reducción del nivel de riesgo en
la metodología REBA el 80% presentó un nivel de riesgo bajo y el 20% un nivel de riesgo
medio, de igual manera en la metodología Check List Ocra se obtuvo como resultado del
100% con un nivel de riesgo inaceptable bajo. Por lo tanto, se concluye que la
implementación del plan ergonómico reduce los riesgos ergonómicos en la empresa Sama
Ocupacional, Trujillo 2022 (p = 0,000 < 0,05).
Palabras claves: Metodología REBA, Metodología Check List Ocra, Plan Ergonómico,
Riesgos Ergonómicos.
ABSTRACT The main objective of this research was to implement an ergonomic plan to reduce ergonomic risks in the company Sama Ocupacional, Trujillo 2022; For which, the design used was an experimental design of pre-experimental categorization where a pre-evaluation was carried out and then a post-evaluation once the ergonomic plan was implemented, the sample was made up of 15 workers and for this the Form was used as instruments. For the rapid identification and evaluation of ergonomic risks, with the risk factors found, the REBA methodology is used for postures and forced movements and the OCRA Check List for repetitive movements. Once the REBA methodology was used for the pre-evaluation, the result was that 73,33% presented a medium risk level and 26,67% presented a high-risk level; As for the evaluation by the Check List Ocra methodology, the result was that 100% presented a Medium Unacceptable irrigation level. After that, the ergonomic plan was prepared and implemented, where through active breaks, training and job redesigns, 100% compliance with the ergonomic plan was obtained. Finally, the post-evaluation was carried out and a reduction in the risk level was obtained in the REBA methodology, 80% presented a low risk level and 20% a medium risk level, likewise in the Check List Ocra methodology. obtained a result of 100% with a low unacceptable risk level. Therefore, it is concluded that the implementation of the ergonomic plan reduces ergonomic risks in the company Sama Ocupacional, Trujillo 2022 (p = 0,000 < 0,05). Keywords: REBA Methodology, Ocra Check List Methodology, Ergonomic Plan, Ergonomic Risks.
ABSTRACT The main objective of this research was to implement an ergonomic plan to reduce ergonomic risks in the company Sama Ocupacional, Trujillo 2022; For which, the design used was an experimental design of pre-experimental categorization where a pre-evaluation was carried out and then a post-evaluation once the ergonomic plan was implemented, the sample was made up of 15 workers and for this the Form was used as instruments. For the rapid identification and evaluation of ergonomic risks, with the risk factors found, the REBA methodology is used for postures and forced movements and the OCRA Check List for repetitive movements. Once the REBA methodology was used for the pre-evaluation, the result was that 73,33% presented a medium risk level and 26,67% presented a high-risk level; As for the evaluation by the Check List Ocra methodology, the result was that 100% presented a Medium Unacceptable irrigation level. After that, the ergonomic plan was prepared and implemented, where through active breaks, training and job redesigns, 100% compliance with the ergonomic plan was obtained. Finally, the post-evaluation was carried out and a reduction in the risk level was obtained in the REBA methodology, 80% presented a low risk level and 20% a medium risk level, likewise in the Check List Ocra methodology. obtained a result of 100% with a low unacceptable risk level. Therefore, it is concluded that the implementation of the ergonomic plan reduces ergonomic risks in the company Sama Ocupacional, Trujillo 2022 (p = 0,000 < 0,05). Keywords: REBA Methodology, Ocra Check List Methodology, Ergonomic Plan, Ergonomic Risks.
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TECHNOLOGY::Industrial engineering and economy