Riesgo nutricional alto y neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica en pacientes COVID-19 admitidos a unidad de cuidados intensivos
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Date
2024-02-15
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Determinar que si existe asociación entre el riesgo nutricional alto y la neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica en pacientes con COVID-19 admitidos a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo (HRDT) durante los años 2020 y 2021.
Métodos: Estudio observacional analítico de corte trasversal en pacientes con COVID-19 admitidos a UCI del HRDT durante los años 2020 y 2021. Con una población de 350 pacientes, a la cual se aplicó los criterios de selección obteniendo una población de estudio de 270 pacientes. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado para estimar la asociación entre las dos variables cualitativas en cuestión.
Resultados: Se encontró que el 80% de los pacientes con riesgo nutricional alto presentó neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica, mientras que solo un 33% de los pacientes con riesgo bajo presentaron dicha complicación; y por consiguiente, una asociación altamente significativa entre el riesgo nutricional alto y la neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica, con un p=0.000 (p ≤ 0.05)
Conclusión: En la población en estudio, sí existe asociación altamente significativa entre el riesgo nutricional alto y la neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica, en pacientes con COVID-19 admitidos a UCI.
Abstract To determine whether there is an association between high nutritional risk and ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo (HRDT) during the years 2020 and 2021. Methods: Analytical observational cross-sectional study in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU of the HRDT during the years 2020 and 2021. A population of 350 patients, to which the selection criteria were applied, obtaining a study population of 270 patients. Chi-square test was used to estimate the association between the two qualitative variables in question. Results: It was found that 80% of patients with high nutritional risk presented pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, while only 33% of patients with low risk presented such complication; and therefore, a highly significant association between high nutritional risk and pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, with a p=0.000 (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: In the study population, there is a highly significant association between high nutritional risk and ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU.
Abstract To determine whether there is an association between high nutritional risk and ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo (HRDT) during the years 2020 and 2021. Methods: Analytical observational cross-sectional study in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU of the HRDT during the years 2020 and 2021. A population of 350 patients, to which the selection criteria were applied, obtaining a study population of 270 patients. Chi-square test was used to estimate the association between the two qualitative variables in question. Results: It was found that 80% of patients with high nutritional risk presented pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, while only 33% of patients with low risk presented such complication; and therefore, a highly significant association between high nutritional risk and pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, with a p=0.000 (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: In the study population, there is a highly significant association between high nutritional risk and ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU.
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Keywords
Desnutrición, Infecciones por coronavirus, Neumonía asociada al ventilador