Estilos de vida y síndrome de Burnout en enfermeros de un hospital público de Trujillo
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Date
2025-01-22
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación de tipo descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal se realizó
con el propósito de determinar la relación entre los estilos de vida y el síndrome de Burnout
en enfermeros del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo. La población muestral estuvo
constituida por 50 enfermeros del servicio de emergencia. Para recolectar la información se
utilizó la técnica de la encuesta aplicando dos instrumentos: el cuestionario de estilos de vida
de Pantoja y el Maslach Burnout Inventory. Para la evaluación entre variables se utilizó la
prueba estadística no paramétrica de Spearman. Los resultados evidenciaron que el 80% de
los enfermeros presentan un nivel favorable de estilos de vida, destacando principalmente
en las dimensiones de higiene y ausencia de hábitos nocivos (86%), seguido por buenos
hábitos alimenticios (84%). Respecto al síndrome de Burnout, el 60% presentó nivel bajo,
30% nivel medio y 10% nivel alto. Se obtuvo una evaluación inversa muy alta entre ambas
variables (Rho=-0.932, p<0.000), indicando que, a mejores estilos de vida, menor presencia
del síndrome. Todas las dimensiones de estilos de vida mostraron una correlación inversa
significativa con el Burnout, siendo la higiene (Rho=-0.944) y la recreación (Rho=-0.922)
las que presentaron mayor fuerza de asociación. Se concluye que existe una relación
significativa entre los estilos de vida y el síndrome de Burnout en los enfermeros estudiados.
The present cross-sectional descriptive correlational research was carried out with the purpose of determining the relationship between lifestyles and Burnout syndrome in nurses of the Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo. The sample population consisted of 50 nurses from the emergency department. To collect the information, the survey technique was used, applying two instruments: the Pantoja lifestyle questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Spearman's nonparametric statistical test was used for the evaluation between variables. The results showed that 80% of the nurses presented a favorable level of lifestyles, standing out mainly in the dimensions of hygiene and absence of harmful habits (86%), followed by good eating habits (84%). Regarding Burnout syndrome, 60% presented a low level, 30% a medium level and 10% a high level. A very high inverse evaluation was obtained between both variables (Rho=-0.932, p<0.000), indicating that the better the lifestyles, the lower the presence of the syndrome. All the dimensions of lifestyles showed a significant inverse correlation with Burnout, being hygiene (Rho=-0.944) and recreation (Rho=-0.922) those that presented the greatest strength of association. It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between lifestyles and Burnout syndrome in the nurses studied.
The present cross-sectional descriptive correlational research was carried out with the purpose of determining the relationship between lifestyles and Burnout syndrome in nurses of the Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo. The sample population consisted of 50 nurses from the emergency department. To collect the information, the survey technique was used, applying two instruments: the Pantoja lifestyle questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Spearman's nonparametric statistical test was used for the evaluation between variables. The results showed that 80% of the nurses presented a favorable level of lifestyles, standing out mainly in the dimensions of hygiene and absence of harmful habits (86%), followed by good eating habits (84%). Regarding Burnout syndrome, 60% presented a low level, 30% a medium level and 10% a high level. A very high inverse evaluation was obtained between both variables (Rho=-0.932, p<0.000), indicating that the better the lifestyles, the lower the presence of the syndrome. All the dimensions of lifestyles showed a significant inverse correlation with Burnout, being hygiene (Rho=-0.944) and recreation (Rho=-0.922) those that presented the greatest strength of association. It is concluded that there is a significant relationship between lifestyles and Burnout syndrome in the nurses studied.
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Keywords
Estilos de vida
Síndrome de Burnout
Servicio de Emergencia