INCIDENCIA DEL VIRUS SARS-COV-2 Y SUS VARIANTES EN LA POBLACIÓN DEL DEPARTAMENTO ICA- PERÚ, 2021
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la Incidencia del virus SARS - CoV -2 y sus variantes en la población del departamento Ica - Perú, 2021. El método empleado fue descriptivo, se utilizó los análisis del set de pruebas moleculares y pruebas rápidas, registradas en la ficha de investigación clínico epidemiológica de COVID 19 (MINSA). Los resultados positivos fueron del total de estos métodos diagnósticos para determinar COVID – 19, establecido en las semanas epidemiológicas durante la segunda ola.
El análisis estadístico que se aplicó fue el programa IBM SPSS versión 24, los resultados obtenidos son de interés porque de 2 136 casos confirmados de SARS – CoV – 2, se obtuvo que la población de la provincia de Ica presento mayor frecuencia de casos confirmados el 52,8% y con menor frecuencia fue Palpa el 2,5%. Según grupo etario está comprendida entre 35 a 40 años con mayor número de casos confirmados el 15,73%, y según sexo predomino el femenino con 50,05% que el sexo masculino el 49,95%. La frecuencia de variante que resalto fue el linaje Lambda con 62,9% y con menor frecuencia el linaje Alfa con 1,3 %, estableciéndose que la mayor frecuencia de este linaje Lambda por sexo aislados de pacientes en el grupo de estudio fue el masculino de la provincia de Pisco, estos casos afectados se relacionan con transmisión comunitaria.
Se concluye que la tasa de incidencia de casos nuevos del virus SARS-CoV-2 de la población del departamento de Ica enero a agosto fue de 216,9 casos por cada 100,000 habitantes, afectando la salud de la población con nivel de riesgo alto, por lo cual es necesario informar y capacitar sobre medidas preventivas de exposición a SARS-CoV-2 y sus variantes.
The objective of the research was to determine the Incidence of the SARS - CoV -2 virus and its variants in the population of the Ica department - Peru, 2021. The method used was descriptive, the analyzes of the set of molecular tests and rapid tests, registered in the COVID 19 clinical-epidemiological investigation sheet (MINSA). The positive results were from the total of these diagnostic methods to determine COVID – 19, established in the epidemiological weeks during the second wave. The statistical analysis that was applied was the IBM SPSS version 24 program. The results obtained are of interest because of the 2,136 confirmed cases of SARS – CoV – 2, it was obtained that the population of the province of Ica presented a higher frequency of confirmed cases on 52.8% and less frequently it was Palpa 2.5%. According to the age group, it is between 35 and 40 years old with the highest number of confirmed cases at 15.73%, and according to sex, females predominate with 50.05% than males with 49.95%. The frequency of the variant that stood out was the Lambda lineage with 62.9% and less frequently the Alpha lineage with 1.3%, establishing that the highest frequency of this Lambda lineage by sex isolated from patients in the study group was male. from the province of Pisco, these affected cases are related to community transmission. It is concluded that the incidence rate of new cases of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the population of the department of Ica from January to August was 216,9 cases per 100,000 population, affecting the health of the population with a high risk level. Therefore, it is necessary to inform and train on preventive measures for exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
The objective of the research was to determine the Incidence of the SARS - CoV -2 virus and its variants in the population of the Ica department - Peru, 2021. The method used was descriptive, the analyzes of the set of molecular tests and rapid tests, registered in the COVID 19 clinical-epidemiological investigation sheet (MINSA). The positive results were from the total of these diagnostic methods to determine COVID – 19, established in the epidemiological weeks during the second wave. The statistical analysis that was applied was the IBM SPSS version 24 program. The results obtained are of interest because of the 2,136 confirmed cases of SARS – CoV – 2, it was obtained that the population of the province of Ica presented a higher frequency of confirmed cases on 52.8% and less frequently it was Palpa 2.5%. According to the age group, it is between 35 and 40 years old with the highest number of confirmed cases at 15.73%, and according to sex, females predominate with 50.05% than males with 49.95%. The frequency of the variant that stood out was the Lambda lineage with 62.9% and less frequently the Alpha lineage with 1.3%, establishing that the highest frequency of this Lambda lineage by sex isolated from patients in the study group was male. from the province of Pisco, these affected cases are related to community transmission. It is concluded that the incidence rate of new cases of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the population of the department of Ica from January to August was 216,9 cases per 100,000 population, affecting the health of the population with a high risk level. Therefore, it is necessary to inform and train on preventive measures for exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.
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Keywords
Incidencia, SARS - CoV -2, Variantes Lambda, Alfa