Actividad antimicrobiana in vitro del aceite esencial de Dalea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F.Macbr. “Pata de Perdiz” contra Escherichia coli y Salmonella choleraesuis.
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Date
2022
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Esta investigación se realizó para determinar la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro del aceite esencial extraído de Dalea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F.Macbr. "Pata de Perdiz" contra cepas de bacterias patógenas de Escherichia coli y Salmonella choleraesuis. El aceite esencial se obtuvo de hojas frescas de la planta, mediante el método de hidrodestilación utilizando el equipo Clevenger. El aceite esencial se caracterizó por Cromatografía de Gases Acoplada a Espectrometría de Masas (GC-MS). Se identificaron 36 metabolitos, los cinco principales fueron α-pineno (15,57 %), cariofileno (8,38 %), β-pineno (7,03 %), óxido de cariofileno (8,38 %) y limoneno (5,72 %). La actividad antimicrobiana se determinó por microdilución con tinción CTT acompañada del método espectrofotométrico de microplaca. Se utilizaron nueve concentraciones: 2000 μg/ml, 1000 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 62,5 μg/ml, 31,25 μg/ml, 15,6 μg/ml, 8 μg/ml, también se utilizó un control positivo (cloranfenicol) y un control negativo. Los resultados mostraron que el aceite esencial de D.carthagenensis mostró una leve actividad antimicrobiana contra E. coli y Salmonella choleraesuis en concentraciones de 2000 μg/ml y 1000 μg/ml. En las concentraciones menores, el aceite esencial de D.carthagenensis no presentó actividad antimicrobiana frente a ninguna de las dos bacterias analizadas. Concluimos que D.carthagenensis presenta una ligera reducción en el crecimiento bacteriano in vitro, en comparación con el control farmacológico y en comparación con una concentración cero (medio + bacterias). Recomendamos probar el aceite esencial en otros microorganismos
ABSTRACT This investigation was carried out to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oil extracted from Dalea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F.Macbr. "Pata de Perdiz" against strains of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella choleraesuis. The essential oil was obtained from fresh leaves of the plant, through the hydrodistillation method using the Clevenger equipment. The essential oil was characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty-six metabolites were identified, the main five were α-Pinene (15.57%), caryophyllene (8.38%), β-Pinene (7.03%), caryophyllene oxide (8.38%), and limonene (5.72%). The antimicrobial activity was determined by microdilution with CTT staining accompanied by the microplate spectrophotometric method. Nine concentrations were used: 2000 μg/ml, 1000 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 62.5 μg/ml, 31.25 μg/ml, 15.6 μg/ml, 8 μg/ml, also a positive control (chloramphenicol) and a negative control were used. The results showed that the D.carthagenensis essential oil showed a slight antimicrobial activity against E. coli and Salmonella choleraesuis at concentrations of 2000 μg/ml and 1000 μg/ml. In the other concentrations, D.carthagenensis essential oil did not present antimicrobial activity against any of the two bacteria tested. We concluded that the D.carthagenensis presents a slight reduction in bacterial growth in vitro, compared to the pharmacological control and compared to a zero concentration (medium + bacteria). We recommend test the essential oil on other microorganisms.
ABSTRACT This investigation was carried out to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oil extracted from Dalea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F.Macbr. "Pata de Perdiz" against strains of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella choleraesuis. The essential oil was obtained from fresh leaves of the plant, through the hydrodistillation method using the Clevenger equipment. The essential oil was characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty-six metabolites were identified, the main five were α-Pinene (15.57%), caryophyllene (8.38%), β-Pinene (7.03%), caryophyllene oxide (8.38%), and limonene (5.72%). The antimicrobial activity was determined by microdilution with CTT staining accompanied by the microplate spectrophotometric method. Nine concentrations were used: 2000 μg/ml, 1000 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml, 250 μg/ml, 125 μg/ml, 62.5 μg/ml, 31.25 μg/ml, 15.6 μg/ml, 8 μg/ml, also a positive control (chloramphenicol) and a negative control were used. The results showed that the D.carthagenensis essential oil showed a slight antimicrobial activity against E. coli and Salmonella choleraesuis at concentrations of 2000 μg/ml and 1000 μg/ml. In the other concentrations, D.carthagenensis essential oil did not present antimicrobial activity against any of the two bacteria tested. We concluded that the D.carthagenensis presents a slight reduction in bacterial growth in vitro, compared to the pharmacological control and compared to a zero concentration (medium + bacteria). We recommend test the essential oil on other microorganisms.
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Keywords
Actividad antimicrobiana, Escherichia coli, Salmonella choleraesuis, Aceite esencial, Dalea carthagenensis