Factores determinantes relacionados a la severidad en pacientes hospitalizados por Covid 19 en el Hospital de Otuzco, mayo 2020 – mayo 2021
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación fue de tipo descriptivo correlacional, cuyo propósito radicó en identificar los factores determinantes relacionados a la severidad de los pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en el período de mayo 2020 a mayo 2021, en el hospital de Otuzco. La muestra de estudio estuvo constituida por 252 pacientes mayores de 18 años hospitalizados en el Hospital de Otuzco. Para la recolección de datos se empleó un cuestionario, previamente validado por expertos, a fin de ser llenados con las Historias clínicas (HCL) de los pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en el lugar de estudio. De igual manera, se empleó estadística descriptiva y un análisis bivariado. Como resultados, se obtuvieron que al menos 180 de los pacientes padecieron diabetes mellitus, 80 tuvieron hipertensión arterial, mientras que, 28 pacientes presentaron obesidad, 15 padecieron otras enfermedades crónicas y solo 6 no tuvieron ninguna enfermedad crónica; también, se determinó que al menos el 71.4% presentaron 01 enfermedad crónica, el 23.8% tuvieron 02 enfermedades crónicas, mientras que, el 0.4% de los pacientes padecieron 03 enfermedades crónicas y solo el 2% de los pacientes hospitalizados no padecieron de ninguna enfermedad crónicas; al realizar la prueba estadística de Pearson se obtuvo que el valor de p=0,012 en menor al requerido para validar una correlación (p<0,05), demostrando que las enfermedades crónicas son un factor determinante según la escala de severidad. Por otro lado, los resultados obtenidos de los pacientes hospitalizados según su edad fueron; 0.4% pacientes jóvenes, mientras que, 27.8% son adultos y el 71.8% son adultos mayores, de igual manera, se realizó la prueba estadística de Pearson en donde p=0,016 (p<0,05), demostrando que la edad del paciente es un factor determinante según la escala de severidad. Finalmente se concluyó que, los factores determinantes de la edad y las enfermedades crónicas, están relacionados a la severidad de los pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en el Hospital de Otuzco.
The present research work was of a correlational descriptive type, the purpose of which was to identify the determining factors related to the severity of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the period from May 2020 to May 2021, at the Otuzco hospital. The study sample consisted of 252 patients over 18 years of age hospitalized at the Otuzco Hospital. To collect data, a questionnaire was used, previously validated by experts, in order to be filled out with the Medical Records (HCL) of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the study location. Likewise, descriptive statistics and a bivariate analysis were used. As results, it was obtained that at least 180 of the patients suffered from diabetes mellitus, 80 had high blood pressure, while 28 patients had obesity, 15 suffered from other chronic diseases and only 6 did not have any chronic disease; Also, it was considered that at least 71.4% had 01 chronic disease, 23.8% had 02 chronic diseases, while 0.4% of the patients suffered from 03 chronic diseases and only 2% of the hospitalized patients did not suffer from any disease. . Chronicles; When performing the Pearson statistical test, it was obtained that the value of p=0.012 was lower than that required to validate an assessment (p<0.05), demonstrating that chronic diseases are a determining factor according to the severity scale. On the other hand, the results obtained from hospitalized patients according to their age were; 0.4% are young patients, while 27.8% are adults and 71.8% are older adults. Likewise, the Pearson statistical test was performed where p=0.016 (p<0.05), demonstrating that age of the patient is a determining factor according to the escalation of severity. Finally, it is concluded that the determining factors of age and chronic diseases are related to the severity of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at the Otuzco Hospital.
The present research work was of a correlational descriptive type, the purpose of which was to identify the determining factors related to the severity of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the period from May 2020 to May 2021, at the Otuzco hospital. The study sample consisted of 252 patients over 18 years of age hospitalized at the Otuzco Hospital. To collect data, a questionnaire was used, previously validated by experts, in order to be filled out with the Medical Records (HCL) of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the study location. Likewise, descriptive statistics and a bivariate analysis were used. As results, it was obtained that at least 180 of the patients suffered from diabetes mellitus, 80 had high blood pressure, while 28 patients had obesity, 15 suffered from other chronic diseases and only 6 did not have any chronic disease; Also, it was considered that at least 71.4% had 01 chronic disease, 23.8% had 02 chronic diseases, while 0.4% of the patients suffered from 03 chronic diseases and only 2% of the hospitalized patients did not suffer from any disease. . Chronicles; When performing the Pearson statistical test, it was obtained that the value of p=0.012 was lower than that required to validate an assessment (p<0.05), demonstrating that chronic diseases are a determining factor according to the severity scale. On the other hand, the results obtained from hospitalized patients according to their age were; 0.4% are young patients, while 27.8% are adults and 71.8% are older adults. Likewise, the Pearson statistical test was performed where p=0.016 (p<0.05), demonstrating that age of the patient is a determining factor according to the escalation of severity. Finally, it is concluded that the determining factors of age and chronic diseases are related to the severity of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at the Otuzco Hospital.
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Keywords
Factores determinantes, Escala de severidad, COVID-19, Edad, Enfermedades crónicas, Diabetes mellitus, Hipertensión arterial, Obesidad