Efecto del porcentaje en peso cobre en una fundición gris ASTM A 48 clase 40 sobre la dureza, resistencia a la tracción, ductilidad y resistencia al desgaste
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
En esta investigación se estudió el efecto del porcentaje en peso de cobre en el rango
de 0.5 a 5.0% sobre la fundición gris ASTM A 48 clase 40 y su repercusión sobre la dureza,
resistencia a la tracción, ductilidad y resistencia al desgaste. Se experimentó con probetas
según norma ASTM E-10 para el ensayo de dureza, probetas según norma ASTM E-8 para
el ensayo de tracción y probetas según norma ASTM G-77 para el ensayo de desgaste.
Los resultados obtenidos confirman el efecto significativo del porcentaje en peso de
cobre bajo las condiciones de estudio en la fundición gris ASTM A 48 clase 40 sobre las
propiedades mecánicas en estudio, de tal manera que para porcentajes en peso de cobre hasta
3.0%, se incrementan la dureza y resistencia a la tracción; y para porcentajes mayores a 3.0%
peso de cobre disminuyen ligeramente la dureza y resistencia a la tracción. Mientras que
porcentajes de 0.5% hasta 5.0% peso Cu incrementan la ductilidad y resistencia al desgaste.
El valor de 3.0% peso de cobre en la fundición gris ASTM A 48 clase 40 es el mejor, debido
que a este porcentaje se obtuvo los mejores resultados propiedades mecánicas en estudio.
Microestructuralmente, la fundición gris ASTM A 48 clase 40 con porcentajes menores al
3.0% en peso de cobre, presentan grafito en forma de hojuelas, perlita (matriz) y precipitados
de épsilon (ricas en cobre) en su estructura. Conforme se incrementa el porcentaje de cobre,
van apareciendo adicionalmente zonas de ferrita y nódulos de grafito debido a la mínima
solubilidad del cobre en la fundición gris a porcentajes de cobre elevados.
Los resultados obtenidos han sido contrastados con un análisis estadístico con un nivel
de confianza de 95%.
In this research, the effect of the weight percentage of copper in the range of 0.5 to 5.0% on ASTM A 48 class 40 gray cast iron and its impact on hardness, tensile strength, ductility, and wear resistance was studied. Specimens were tested according to ASTM E-10 standard for hardness testing, ASTM E-8 standard for tensile testing, and ASTM G-77 standard for wear testing. The results obtained confirm the significant effect of the weight percentage of copper under the study conditions on the mechanical properties of ASTM A 48 class 40 gray cast iron. For copper weight percentages up to 3.0%, hardness and tensile strength increase, while for percentages greater than 3.0%, they slightly decrease. Meanwhile, copper weight percentages ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% increase ductility and wear resistance. The 3.0% weight percentage of copper in ASTM A 48 class 40 gray cast iron yields the best results in the mechanical properties under study. Microstructurally, ASTM A 48 class 40 gray cast iron with copper weight percentages below 3.0% exhibits flake graphite, pearlite (matrix), and epsilon precipitates (copper-rich) in its structure. As the copper percentage increases, additional areas of ferrite and graphite nodules appear due to the limited solubility of copper in gray cast iron at high copper percentages. The obtained results have been statistically analyzed with a confidence level of 95%.
In this research, the effect of the weight percentage of copper in the range of 0.5 to 5.0% on ASTM A 48 class 40 gray cast iron and its impact on hardness, tensile strength, ductility, and wear resistance was studied. Specimens were tested according to ASTM E-10 standard for hardness testing, ASTM E-8 standard for tensile testing, and ASTM G-77 standard for wear testing. The results obtained confirm the significant effect of the weight percentage of copper under the study conditions on the mechanical properties of ASTM A 48 class 40 gray cast iron. For copper weight percentages up to 3.0%, hardness and tensile strength increase, while for percentages greater than 3.0%, they slightly decrease. Meanwhile, copper weight percentages ranging from 0.5% to 5.0% increase ductility and wear resistance. The 3.0% weight percentage of copper in ASTM A 48 class 40 gray cast iron yields the best results in the mechanical properties under study. Microstructurally, ASTM A 48 class 40 gray cast iron with copper weight percentages below 3.0% exhibits flake graphite, pearlite (matrix), and epsilon precipitates (copper-rich) in its structure. As the copper percentage increases, additional areas of ferrite and graphite nodules appear due to the limited solubility of copper in gray cast iron at high copper percentages. The obtained results have been statistically analyzed with a confidence level of 95%.
Description
Keywords
TECHNOLOGY::Chemical engineering::Metallurgical process and manufacturing engineering::Metallurgical process engineering