Calidad ambiental de la bahía el Ferrol influenciada por la actividad pesquera industrial, Chimbote – Ancash 2019
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Date
2021
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
En la presente investigación se determinó la influencia de la descarga de los efluentes de la
industria pesquera en el ecosistema marino de la bahía de El Ferrol, Chimbote Ancash; que
son uno de los principales factores de contaminación de ese medio acuático, lo que amenaza
la sostenibilidad de las especies que se encuentran presentes y pone en riesgo la salud
humana. Para el caso, se utilizó los reportes de los monitoreos realizados por el Organismo
de Evaluación y Fiscalización Ambiental - OEFA, para el cuerpo marino receptor: bahía El
Ferrol y de la Supervisión realizada a la industria pesquera para el efluente durante los
periodos de producción y veda para el año 2019, se determinó la relación de los efluentes de
la industria pesquera industrial y su impacto en el ecosistema marino de la bahía El Ferrol,
que fue negativo y evidenciado con los resultados de la investigación, en base a parámetros
microbiológicos y físico químicos como coliformes termotolerantes (NMP/100mL), oxigeno
total (mg/L), aceites y grasas (mg/L), demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO5), boro (mg/L),
selenio (mg/L) y la Temperatura (°C). La evaluación se realizó en base a los Estándares de
Calidad Ambiental para agua D.S. N° 004-2017-MINAM. Categoría 1, subcategoría B:
Aguas superficiales destinadas para recreación, B1: Contacto primario; así como también la
Categoría 2 sub categoría C3 Actividades marino portuarias, industriales o de saneamiento
en aguas marino costeras; los cuales indican niveles de contaminación altos, excediendo los
ECA categoría 1 sub categoría B1 en todos los puntos de monitoreo, siendo el área de mayor
polución la ubicada frente a la zona industrial 27 de octubre; Por lo tanto se concluye que
las aguas de la bahía El Ferrol, no son aptas para su utilización en la maricultura ni para
actividades recreacionales.
In the present investigation the influence of the discharge of the fishing industry effluents in the marine ecosystem of El Ferrol bay, Chimbote Ancash; which are one of the main factors of contamination of this aquatic environment, which threatens the sustainability of the species that are present and puts human health at risk. For the case, the reports of the monitoring carried out by the Environmental Assessment and Enforcement Agency - OEFA, for the receiving marine body: El Ferrol bay and of the Supervision carried out to the fishing industry for the effluent during the production and production periods were used. closed for the year 2019, the relationship of the effluents of the industrial fishing industry and its impact on the marine ecosystem of El Ferrol bay was determined, which was negative and evidenced by the results of the investigation, based on microbiological and physical parameters chemicals such as thermotolerant coliforms (NMP / 100mL), total oxygen (mg / L), oils and fats (mg / L), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), boron (mg / L), selenium (mg / L) and the Temperature (° C). The evaluation was carried out based on the Environmental Quality Standards for water D.S. N ° 004-2017-MINAM. Category 1, subcategory B: Surface water intended for recreation, B1: Primary contact; as well as Category 2 sub category C3 Marine port, industrial or sanitation activities in coastal marine waters; which indicate high levels of contamination, exceeding the ECA category 1 sub category B1 in all monitoring points, the area of greatest pollution being the one located in front of the industrial zone October 27; Therefore, it is concluded that the waters of El Ferrol bay are not suitable for use in mariculture or recreational activities.
In the present investigation the influence of the discharge of the fishing industry effluents in the marine ecosystem of El Ferrol bay, Chimbote Ancash; which are one of the main factors of contamination of this aquatic environment, which threatens the sustainability of the species that are present and puts human health at risk. For the case, the reports of the monitoring carried out by the Environmental Assessment and Enforcement Agency - OEFA, for the receiving marine body: El Ferrol bay and of the Supervision carried out to the fishing industry for the effluent during the production and production periods were used. closed for the year 2019, the relationship of the effluents of the industrial fishing industry and its impact on the marine ecosystem of El Ferrol bay was determined, which was negative and evidenced by the results of the investigation, based on microbiological and physical parameters chemicals such as thermotolerant coliforms (NMP / 100mL), total oxygen (mg / L), oils and fats (mg / L), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), boron (mg / L), selenium (mg / L) and the Temperature (° C). The evaluation was carried out based on the Environmental Quality Standards for water D.S. N ° 004-2017-MINAM. Category 1, subcategory B: Surface water intended for recreation, B1: Primary contact; as well as Category 2 sub category C3 Marine port, industrial or sanitation activities in coastal marine waters; which indicate high levels of contamination, exceeding the ECA category 1 sub category B1 in all monitoring points, the area of greatest pollution being the one located in front of the industrial zone October 27; Therefore, it is concluded that the waters of El Ferrol bay are not suitable for use in mariculture or recreational activities.
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Keywords
Bahía El Ferrol, Efluentes, Industria pesquera