Actividad biocida del aceite esencial y del extracto alcohólico y acuoso de Minthostachys mollis sobre adultos de Aedes aegypti
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Date
2020
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene por objetivo determinar la actividad biocida del aceite esencial y de los extractos alcohólico y acuoso de Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb “muña” sobre adultos de Aedes aegypti. La especie de estudio fue recolectada del caserío de Trigopampa, provincia Otuzco, región La Libertad; posteriormente la especie vegetal fue identificada y clasificada en el Herbarium truxillense, depositada con el código N.° 60305. La metodología de estudio comprendió; la fitoquímica de la especie vegetal y la evaluación biocida de la especie frente a A. aegypti adulto. Los resultados del análisis fitoquímico reportaron 0,3 % v/p en rendimiento de aceite esencial (%RAE); 65,3 % de pérdida de peso en agua; 7,66 % de cenizas totales; en el parámetro sustancias extraíbles se obtuvo 16,86 % ± 0, 0015 en agua y 12,54 % ± 0,0013 en etanol 96 °GL; además, la presencia de fitometabolitos como compuestos fenólicos, taninos, aminas libres y azúcares reductores. El aceite esencial, así como los extractos etanólico 96 °GL y acuoso de M. mollis (Benth.) Griseb “muña” procedente de Trigopampa (Otuzco), tuvo efecto biocida sobre adultos de A. aegypti cepa Río Seco (Trujillo) a dosis 20 μL/mL; 90,3 mg/mL y 165,3 mg/mL respectivamente.
ABSTRACT The present research objetive to determine the biocidal activity of the essential oil and the alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb “muña” on adults of Aedes aegypti. The study species was collected from the Trigopampa village, Otuzco province, La Libertad region; then the plant specie was identified and classified in the Truxillense Herbarium, deposited with the code N.° 60305. The study methodology included; the phytochemistry of the plant species and the biocidal evaluation of the species against adult A. aegypti. The results of the phytochemical analysis reported 0,3 % v / p in essential oil yield (% RAE); 65,3 % weight loss in water; 7,66 % of total ash; In the extractable substances method, 16,86 % ± 0,0015 were obtained in water and 12,54 % ± 0,0013 in 96 °GL ethanol; in addition to the presence of phytometabolites such as phenolic compounds, tannins, free amines and reducing sugars. The essential oil, as well as the ethanolic 96 °GL and aqueous extracts of M. mollis (Benth.) Griseb "muña" from Trigopampa (Otuzco) had a biocidal effect on adults of A. aegypti strain Río Seco (Trujillo) using doses 20μL / mL; 90,3 mg / mL and 165,3 mg / mL respectively.
ABSTRACT The present research objetive to determine the biocidal activity of the essential oil and the alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb “muña” on adults of Aedes aegypti. The study species was collected from the Trigopampa village, Otuzco province, La Libertad region; then the plant specie was identified and classified in the Truxillense Herbarium, deposited with the code N.° 60305. The study methodology included; the phytochemistry of the plant species and the biocidal evaluation of the species against adult A. aegypti. The results of the phytochemical analysis reported 0,3 % v / p in essential oil yield (% RAE); 65,3 % weight loss in water; 7,66 % of total ash; In the extractable substances method, 16,86 % ± 0,0015 were obtained in water and 12,54 % ± 0,0013 in 96 °GL ethanol; in addition to the presence of phytometabolites such as phenolic compounds, tannins, free amines and reducing sugars. The essential oil, as well as the ethanolic 96 °GL and aqueous extracts of M. mollis (Benth.) Griseb "muña" from Trigopampa (Otuzco) had a biocidal effect on adults of A. aegypti strain Río Seco (Trujillo) using doses 20μL / mL; 90,3 mg / mL and 165,3 mg / mL respectively.
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Keywords
actividad biocida, Aedes, fitoquímica, muña.