Concentración de plomo en vegetales de consumo humano que se expenden en la ciudad de Huamachuco
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Date
2020
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Se llevó a cabo un estudio en el mercado central de abastos, en la ciudad de Huamachuco - La Libertad, para determinar las concentraciones de plomo en los vegetales que se consumen en dicha localidad. El punto de muestreo se realizó al azar y fueron 5 muestras; De cada puesto del mercado central de Huamachuco, escogimos una muestras de vegetal que se cosecha en la zona, en este caso se escogió lechuga, cilantro, repollo, espinaca y cebolla de hoja; Durante la recolección se preguntó el lugar de procedencia de los vegetales. El método analítico utilizado para la cuantificación de este metal fue el de absorción atómica, obteniendo como resultado los siguientes valores de concentración de plomo: en lechuga fue de 29 ppb; cilantro 9 ppb; repollo 6 ppb; espinaca 20 ppb; cebolla de hoja 29 ppb; En tanto se concluye que 2 muestras de los vegetales analizados superan el Nivel Máximo establecido por la OMS/FAO (Codex Alimentarius; Pb = 25 ppb). En gran parte, las verduras de la Sierra acumulan más niveles de Pb que las de la Costa.
Estos resultados evidencian que hay una exposición de metales pesados en verduras y por ende su presencia en nuestra dieta diaria, así como también los riesgos que ocasionaría el consumo diario de estos vegetales contaminados, con alta concentración de plomo, atentando contra la salud de la comunidad de un importante sector agrícola de nuestro departamento. Es importante conocer los riesgos que se producen al consumir en exceso vegetales contaminados. Se puede concluir que los vegetales que se expenden en la ciudad de Huamachuco, no se encuentran en un 100% dentro de los parámetros de calidad.
ABSTRACT A study was carried out in the central supply market, in the city of Huamachuco - La Libertad, to determine the concentrations of lead in the vegetables consumed in that locality. The sampling point was carried out at random and there were 5 samples; From each stall in the central market of Huamachuco, we chose a vegetable sample that is harvested in the area, in this case lettuce, coriander, cabbage, spinach and leaf onion were chosen; During the harvest, the place of origin of the vegetables was asked. The analytical method used to quantify this metal was atomic absorption, resulting in the following lead concentration values: in lettuce it was 29 ppb; coriander 9 ppb; cabbage 6 ppb; spinach 20 ppb; leaf onion 29 ppb; Meanwhile, it is concluded that 2 samples of the analyzed vegetables exceed the Maximum Level established by the WHO / FAO (Codex Alimentarius; Pb = 25 ppb). To a large extent, vegetables from the Sierra accumulate more levels of Pb than those from the Coast. These results show that there is an exposure of heavy metals in vegetables and therefore their presence in our daily diet, as well as the risks that the daily consumption of these contaminated vegetables, with a high concentration of lead, would cause, threatening the health of the community. of an important agricultural sector of our department. It is important to know the risks that occur when consuming contaminated vegetables in excess. It can be concluded that the vegetables that are sold in the city of Huamachuco are not 100% within the quality parameters.
ABSTRACT A study was carried out in the central supply market, in the city of Huamachuco - La Libertad, to determine the concentrations of lead in the vegetables consumed in that locality. The sampling point was carried out at random and there were 5 samples; From each stall in the central market of Huamachuco, we chose a vegetable sample that is harvested in the area, in this case lettuce, coriander, cabbage, spinach and leaf onion were chosen; During the harvest, the place of origin of the vegetables was asked. The analytical method used to quantify this metal was atomic absorption, resulting in the following lead concentration values: in lettuce it was 29 ppb; coriander 9 ppb; cabbage 6 ppb; spinach 20 ppb; leaf onion 29 ppb; Meanwhile, it is concluded that 2 samples of the analyzed vegetables exceed the Maximum Level established by the WHO / FAO (Codex Alimentarius; Pb = 25 ppb). To a large extent, vegetables from the Sierra accumulate more levels of Pb than those from the Coast. These results show that there is an exposure of heavy metals in vegetables and therefore their presence in our daily diet, as well as the risks that the daily consumption of these contaminated vegetables, with a high concentration of lead, would cause, threatening the health of the community. of an important agricultural sector of our department. It is important to know the risks that occur when consuming contaminated vegetables in excess. It can be concluded that the vegetables that are sold in the city of Huamachuco are not 100% within the quality parameters.
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Keywords
plomo, vegetales, metales pesados, contaminación, Huamachuco.