Efecto de tres métodos de escarificación en la germinación y calidad de plántulas en Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) en Guadalupe - La Libertad
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Date
2015
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de tres métodos de escarificación en la germinación y calidad de plántulas de Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.). Se realizó en el campo Experimental Henry Castañeda Rojas de la UNT – Sede Valle Jequetepeque, localizado en el sector Cafetal III; ubicado a: 7º 14’ 30” de latitud sur, 79º 28’ 06” de longitud oeste; a una altura de 92 m.s.n.m. en la provincia de Pacasmayo del Departamento de La Libertad. Este experimento se llevó a cabo durante los meses de mayo a julio de 2014. El diseño experimental utilizado fue completamente al azar (DCA) con 3 tratamientos, diez repeticiones por tratamiento y un testigo absoluto, haciendo un total de cuatro tratamientos. Los tres métodos utilizados fueron: T1: Método Mecánico (Se cogió fuertemente con los dedos pulgar e índice y se pasó por 3 veces sobre una lija Nº 100-1 para metal), T2: Método Físico (Se sumergió las semillas en agua caliente a una Tº 80 ºC por un tiempo de 1 minuto), T3: Método Químico (Se sumergió las semillas en ácido sulfúrico al 28 % por un tiempo de 1 minuto y medio). El sustrato utilizado fue arena de rio con humus de lombriz en una proporción 1:2 respectivamente, este sustrato fue envasado en bolsas de 15 cm de diámetro por 24.5 cm de largo dejando un espacio para el doblez en la parte superior. Después de hacer las respectivas escarificaciones a las semillas se procedió a remojarlas en una solución de agua con lejía al 0.1 % por dos horas, luego se enjuago y se colocó en agua corriente por un tiempo mínimo de 72 horas cambiando el agua cada 24 horas. El siguiente paso fue la siembra previo a la desinfección de la semilla con un fungicida Benopoint (i.a:Benomyl 50 %), 5gr/L, posteriormente se dieron los cuidados necesarios hasta los 45 días. Los parámetros evaluados fueron: para la germinación: días a la emergencia y características de las semillas, para la calidad de las plántulas: altura de plantula y numero de plántulas normales y anormales además del diámetro del tallo. Se concluyó que el método mecánico (T1) fue el que permitió obtener un mayor porcentaje de geminación y calidad de plántulas de Sacha inchi en comparación al testigo absoluto y a los dos otros métodos.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three methods of scarification on germination and seedling quality of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.). It was performed at the Experimental Henry Rojas Castañeda UNT field - Headquarters Jequetepeque Valley, located in the III coffee plantation sector; located at: 7th 14 '30 "south latitude, 79 ° 28' 06" west longitude; at a height of 92 m.s.n.m. in the province of Pacasmayo Department of La Libertad. This experiment was conducted during the months of May to July 2014 The experimental design was completely randomized (DCA) 3 treatments with ten replicates per treatment and an absolute control, making a total of four treatments. The three methods used were: T1: Mechanical Method (It took strongly with the thumb and index finger and ran 3 times over a metal sandpaper No. 100-1), T2: Physical Method (seeds were immersed in hot water one Tº 80 ° C for a time of 1 minute), T3: Chemical Method (seeds were immersed in 28% sulfuric acid for a time of 1 minute and a half). The substrate used was river sand with humus in a 1: 2 respectively, this substrate was packaged in bags of 15 cm diameter by 24.5 cm long with a space for the fold at the top. After making the respective scarification seeds proceeded to soak them in a solution of bleach water to 0.1% for two hours, then rinsed and placed in running water for a minimum of 72 hours changing the water every 24 hours. The next step was prior to disinfection of the seed with a fungicide Benopoint (ia: Benomyl 50%) planting, 5g / L, then the necessary care to 45 days was given. The parameters evaluated were: for germination: days to emergence and seed characteristics for quality seedling plant height and number of normal and abnormal seedlings also stem diameter. It was concluded that the mechanical method (T1) was it possible to obtain a higher percentage of germination and seedling quality of Sacha inchi compared to absolute control and the two other methods.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three methods of scarification on germination and seedling quality of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.). It was performed at the Experimental Henry Rojas Castañeda UNT field - Headquarters Jequetepeque Valley, located in the III coffee plantation sector; located at: 7th 14 '30 "south latitude, 79 ° 28' 06" west longitude; at a height of 92 m.s.n.m. in the province of Pacasmayo Department of La Libertad. This experiment was conducted during the months of May to July 2014 The experimental design was completely randomized (DCA) 3 treatments with ten replicates per treatment and an absolute control, making a total of four treatments. The three methods used were: T1: Mechanical Method (It took strongly with the thumb and index finger and ran 3 times over a metal sandpaper No. 100-1), T2: Physical Method (seeds were immersed in hot water one Tº 80 ° C for a time of 1 minute), T3: Chemical Method (seeds were immersed in 28% sulfuric acid for a time of 1 minute and a half). The substrate used was river sand with humus in a 1: 2 respectively, this substrate was packaged in bags of 15 cm diameter by 24.5 cm long with a space for the fold at the top. After making the respective scarification seeds proceeded to soak them in a solution of bleach water to 0.1% for two hours, then rinsed and placed in running water for a minimum of 72 hours changing the water every 24 hours. The next step was prior to disinfection of the seed with a fungicide Benopoint (ia: Benomyl 50%) planting, 5g / L, then the necessary care to 45 days was given. The parameters evaluated were: for germination: days to emergence and seed characteristics for quality seedling plant height and number of normal and abnormal seedlings also stem diameter. It was concluded that the mechanical method (T1) was it possible to obtain a higher percentage of germination and seedling quality of Sacha inchi compared to absolute control and the two other methods.
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Keywords
Sacha Inchi, Métodos de escarificación, Germinación y calidad de plántulas