Características de automedicación durante la pandemia COVID-19 en pobladores mayores de 18 años del distrito de Laredo-Trujillo-2021.
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Date
2021
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente tesis tuvo como finalidad determinar las características de automedicación durante la pandemia COVID-19 en pobladores mayores de 18 años del distrito de Laredo- Trujillo-2021. Para lo cual se empleó una encuesta anónima a través de Formulario Google mediante el uso de un instrumento validado previamente a través de expertos y por la prueba estadística alfa de Cronbach, cuyo valor fue de 0,825. La encuesta, conformada por 6 preguntas sociodemográficas y 34 preguntas sobre automedicación por la COVID-19, fue aplicada en línea a 400 pobladores de Laredo que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión, a través de Facebook y WhatsApp del investigador. En los resultados, se obtuvo una prevalencia de automedicación para prevenir y/o tratar la COVID-19 de 38,75%. Entre los que se automedicaron, el medicamento más utilizado para prevenir la COVID-19 fue la ivermectina (79,8%), y el más utilizado para tratar la COVID-19 fue el paracetamol (64,05%). Además; el 64,71% de los que se automedicaron tuvieron la sensación de que los medicamentos que utilizaron fueron efectivos. Por otra parte, el principal factor vinculado a la automedicación fue el temor a contagiarse y/o morir de la COVID-19 (52,94%), la principal fuente de información para automedicarse fueron los profesionales de Salud no prescriptores (54,25%), y la principal fuente de adquisición de los medicamentos para automedicarse fueron las farmacias o boticas (92,16%). Las principales características sociodemográficas de la población en estudio fueron, el sexo femenino (54,25%) y el grupo etario de 18 a 25 años (40,75%). Por último, no se encontró diferencia estadística significativa entre la automedicación y el sexo, edad, grado de instrucción, situación laboral, ingresos económicos y seguro médico.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis was to determine the characteristics of self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic in residents over 18 years of age in the district of Laredo- Trujillo-2021. For which an anonymous survey was used through Google Form using an instrument previously validated by experts and by Cronbach's alpha statistical test, whose value was 0,825. The survey, made up of 6 sociodemographic questions and 34 questions on self-medication for COVID-19, was applied online to 400 residents of Laredo who met the inclusion criteria, through the researcher's Facebook and WhatsApp. In the results, a prevalence of self-medication to prevent and/or treat COVID-19 of 38,75% was obtained. Among those who self-medicated, the drug most used to prevent COVID-19 was ivermectin (79,8%), and the most used to treat COVID-19 was paracetamol (64,05%). Also; 64,71% of those who self-medicated had the feeling that the drugs they used were effective. On the other hand, the main factor linked to self-medication was the fear of catching and/or dying from COVID-19 (52,94%), the main source of information for self-medication was non-medical Health professionals (54,25 %), and the main source of acquisition of drugs to self-medicate were pharmacies or drugstores (92,16%). The main sociodemographic characteristics of the study population were female (54,25%) and the age group 18 to 25 years (40,75%). Finally, no statistically significant difference was found between self-medication and sex, age, educational level, employment status, income, and health insurance
ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis was to determine the characteristics of self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic in residents over 18 years of age in the district of Laredo- Trujillo-2021. For which an anonymous survey was used through Google Form using an instrument previously validated by experts and by Cronbach's alpha statistical test, whose value was 0,825. The survey, made up of 6 sociodemographic questions and 34 questions on self-medication for COVID-19, was applied online to 400 residents of Laredo who met the inclusion criteria, through the researcher's Facebook and WhatsApp. In the results, a prevalence of self-medication to prevent and/or treat COVID-19 of 38,75% was obtained. Among those who self-medicated, the drug most used to prevent COVID-19 was ivermectin (79,8%), and the most used to treat COVID-19 was paracetamol (64,05%). Also; 64,71% of those who self-medicated had the feeling that the drugs they used were effective. On the other hand, the main factor linked to self-medication was the fear of catching and/or dying from COVID-19 (52,94%), the main source of information for self-medication was non-medical Health professionals (54,25 %), and the main source of acquisition of drugs to self-medicate were pharmacies or drugstores (92,16%). The main sociodemographic characteristics of the study population were female (54,25%) and the age group 18 to 25 years (40,75%). Finally, no statistically significant difference was found between self-medication and sex, age, educational level, employment status, income, and health insurance
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Keywords
prevalencia, automedicación, COVID-19, ivermectina