EVALUACIÓN DE AFLATOXINAS M1 EN LECHE DE BOVINOS EN UN ESTABLO DEL VALLE DE JEQUETEPEQUE
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Date
2019
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación se llevó a cabo en el distrito de Jequetepeque, provincia de Pacasmayo, región La Libertad, en el establo Monte Verde, con el objetivo de evaluar la presencia de aflatoxinas y el grado en el que se encuentran en la leche. Se utilizaron un promedio de 900 animales en producción separados en cuatro lotes diferentes que fueron corrales de: alta1, alta2, media y recién paridas. El resultado fue que existe aflatoxinas en el establo en un 11.9% en 134 muestras de la leche ordeñada y se encontró que en el mes de junio hubo una mayor muestra general de todos los corrales de 15.22% de leche contaminada con niveles sobre los 50ppt de aflatoxinas, 28.26% con niveles entre 30ppt y 49ppt y 56.52 % con niveles muy bajos de aflatoxinas menores de 29ppt. También se observó que, en todos los meses de pruebas, los corrales de recién paridas obtuvieron el mayor porcentaje de aflatoxinas entre las cuatro categorías con 18.18% en el mes de mayo, 30.77% en el mes de junio y 27.27% en el mes de julio. Se concluye que, existe un alto grado de aflatoxinas en los corrales de recién paridas, que podrían provenir de diferentes factores como una mala higiene en los comederos, un mal procesamiento del alimento a la hora de transporte, a la hora de la mezcla o almacenamiento de estos. No existe presencia de micotoxinas B1 en los granos ni al llegar al establo ni son adquiridos durante su permanencia en este. La presencia de aflatoxina M1 en el establo es significativa.
ABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out in the district of Jequetepeque, province of Pacasmayo, region La Libertad, in the Monte Verde stable, with the objective of evaluating the presence of aflatoxins and the degree to which they are found in milk. An average of 900 animals in separate production was used in four different lots that were corrals of: high1, high2, medium and newly born.The result was that there were aflatoxins in the stable in 11.9% of 134 milk samples milked and it was found that in the month of June there was a larger overall sample of all the pens of 15.22% of milk contaminated with levels above 50ppt. aflatoxins, 28.26% with levels between 30ppt and 49ppt and 56.52% with very low aflatoxin levels below 29ppt. It was also observed that, in all the months of testing, the pens of newly born obtained the highest percentage of aflatoxins among the four categories with 18.18% in the month of May, 30.77% in the month of June and 27.27% in the month of July. It is concluded that, there is a high degree of aflatoxins in the pens of newly born, which could come from different factors such as poor hygiene in the feeders, poor processing of the food at the time of transport, when mixing or storing these. There isn’t presence of B1 mycotoxins in the grains neither when arriving at the stable nor they are acquired during their permanence in this. The presence of aflatoxin M1 in the stable is significant.
ABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out in the district of Jequetepeque, province of Pacasmayo, region La Libertad, in the Monte Verde stable, with the objective of evaluating the presence of aflatoxins and the degree to which they are found in milk. An average of 900 animals in separate production was used in four different lots that were corrals of: high1, high2, medium and newly born.The result was that there were aflatoxins in the stable in 11.9% of 134 milk samples milked and it was found that in the month of June there was a larger overall sample of all the pens of 15.22% of milk contaminated with levels above 50ppt. aflatoxins, 28.26% with levels between 30ppt and 49ppt and 56.52% with very low aflatoxin levels below 29ppt. It was also observed that, in all the months of testing, the pens of newly born obtained the highest percentage of aflatoxins among the four categories with 18.18% in the month of May, 30.77% in the month of June and 27.27% in the month of July. It is concluded that, there is a high degree of aflatoxins in the pens of newly born, which could come from different factors such as poor hygiene in the feeders, poor processing of the food at the time of transport, when mixing or storing these. There isn’t presence of B1 mycotoxins in the grains neither when arriving at the stable nor they are acquired during their permanence in this. The presence of aflatoxin M1 in the stable is significant.
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Keywords
Aflatoxinas, Leche, Alimento