Evaluación de la devolución de medicamentos y dispositivos médicos prescritos y no utilizados en un hospital III-1 de Trujillo 2022
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la devolución de los medicamentos y dispositivos médicos prescritos y no utilizados en un hospital de Nivel III-1 en la ciudad de Trujillo durante el año 2022. Se analizaron el total de hojas de devolución de medicamentos y dispositivos médicos prescritos y no utilizados en los servicios de medicina, cirugía, gineco-obstetricia y sala de operaciones. La repercusión económica y técnica de este proceso se evaluó a través de la determinación de indicadores de costo, condición de controlado o restringido, inclusión en el Petitorio Nacional Único de Medicamentos, inclusión en el Listado Nacional de Productos Farmacéuticos Vitales, grupo farmacoterapéutico, forma farmacéutica y niveles de riesgo de dispositivos médicos. El costo de medicamentos y dispositivos médicos prescritos y no utilizados alcanzó un total anual de S/.65,344.42 soles, generándose un ahorro de S/.51,980.19 en medicamentos y S/.13,364.14 en dispositivos médicos; el medicamento con mayor prescripción y no utilización fue el dimenhidrinato 10 mg/mL x 5 mL (3254 U), el dispositivo médico más prescrito y no utilizado fue la jeringa descartable de 1 mL (2402 U); el medicamento prescrito y no utilizado de mayor participación en el valor total fue la codeína fosfato 30 mg/mL x 2mL (10,64%), y en cuanto a dispositivos médicos la sonda de aspiración endotraqueal circuito cerrado N.º 14 (13,30%); el medicamento controlado prescrito de mayor frecuencia de devolución fue el diazepam 5 mg/mL (33%); y el medicamento de uso restringido prescrito con mayor frecuencia de devolución fue la piperacilina + tazobactam 4 g + 500 mg (25%); el 99,98% de los medicamentos prescritos y no utilizados están incluidos en el Petitorio Nacional Único de Medicamentos Esenciales; del total de medicamentos prescritos y no utilizados solo el 32% están incluidos en el Listado Nacional de Productos Farmacéuticos Vitales; la forma farmacéutica y el grupo terapéutico de los medicamentos prescritos y no utilizados más frecuentes en un 95% y 22% fueron los inyectables y soluciones correctoras de trastornos hidroelectrolíticos del equilibrio ácido-base respectivamente; el nivel de riesgo de los dispositivos médicos prescritos de mayor frecuencia de devolución fue el nivel II con 82%; las cantidades de medicamentos y dispositivos médicos prescritos y no utilizados, se incrementaron con el paso de los meses con una tendencia igual a un r=0.6881 estadísticamente significativo (p=0.0134). Se concluye que la evaluación de la devolución de medicamentos y dispositivos médicos prescritos y no utilizados es un indicador importante de gestión que permitirá la optimización del uso de un recurso estratégico en la atención de salud de las personas.
ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate the return of prescribed and unused medications and medical devices in a Level III-1 hospital in the city of Trujillo during the year 2022. The total return sheets for prescribed medications and medical devices were analyzed. and not used in medicine, surgery, gynecology-obstetrics and operating room services. The economic and technical impact of this process was evaluated through the determination of cost indicators, controlled or restricted status, inclusion in the Single National Request for Medicines, inclusion in the National List of Vital Pharmaceutical Products, pharmacotherapeutic group, pharmaceutical form. and risk levels of medical devices. The cost of prescribed and unused medications and medical devices reached an annual total of S/.65,344.42 soles, generating savings of S/.51,980.19 in medications and S/.13,364.14 in medical devices; The medication with the highest prescription and not use was dimenhydrinate 10 mg/mL x 5 mL (3254 U), the medical device most prescribed and not used was the 1 mL disposable syringe (2402 U); The prescribed and unused medication with the greatest participation in the total value was codeine phosphate 30 mg/mL x 2mL (10.64%), and in terms of medical devices, the closed circuit endotracheal aspiration tube No. 14 (13, 30%); The controlled medication prescribed with the highest return frequency was diazepam 5 mg/mL (33%); and the restricted use medication prescribed with the highest return frequency was piperacillin + tazobactam 4 g + 500 mg (25%); 99.98% of prescribed and unused medications are included in the Single National Request for Essential Medicines; Of the total number of prescribed and unused medications, only 32% are included in the National List of Vital Pharmaceutical Products; The pharmaceutical form and therapeutic group of the most frequent prescribed and unused medications at 95% and 22% were injectables and corrective solutions for hydroelectrolyte disorders of the acid-base balance respectively; The risk level of the prescribed medical devices with the highest return frequency was level II with 82%; The quantities of prescribed and unused medications and medical devices increased over the months with a trend equal to a statistically significant r=0.6881 (p=0.0134). It is concluded that the evaluation of the return of prescribed and unused medications and medical devices is an important management indicator that will allow the optimization of the use of a strategic resource in people's health care.
ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate the return of prescribed and unused medications and medical devices in a Level III-1 hospital in the city of Trujillo during the year 2022. The total return sheets for prescribed medications and medical devices were analyzed. and not used in medicine, surgery, gynecology-obstetrics and operating room services. The economic and technical impact of this process was evaluated through the determination of cost indicators, controlled or restricted status, inclusion in the Single National Request for Medicines, inclusion in the National List of Vital Pharmaceutical Products, pharmacotherapeutic group, pharmaceutical form. and risk levels of medical devices. The cost of prescribed and unused medications and medical devices reached an annual total of S/.65,344.42 soles, generating savings of S/.51,980.19 in medications and S/.13,364.14 in medical devices; The medication with the highest prescription and not use was dimenhydrinate 10 mg/mL x 5 mL (3254 U), the medical device most prescribed and not used was the 1 mL disposable syringe (2402 U); The prescribed and unused medication with the greatest participation in the total value was codeine phosphate 30 mg/mL x 2mL (10.64%), and in terms of medical devices, the closed circuit endotracheal aspiration tube No. 14 (13, 30%); The controlled medication prescribed with the highest return frequency was diazepam 5 mg/mL (33%); and the restricted use medication prescribed with the highest return frequency was piperacillin + tazobactam 4 g + 500 mg (25%); 99.98% of prescribed and unused medications are included in the Single National Request for Essential Medicines; Of the total number of prescribed and unused medications, only 32% are included in the National List of Vital Pharmaceutical Products; The pharmaceutical form and therapeutic group of the most frequent prescribed and unused medications at 95% and 22% were injectables and corrective solutions for hydroelectrolyte disorders of the acid-base balance respectively; The risk level of the prescribed medical devices with the highest return frequency was level II with 82%; The quantities of prescribed and unused medications and medical devices increased over the months with a trend equal to a statistically significant r=0.6881 (p=0.0134). It is concluded that the evaluation of the return of prescribed and unused medications and medical devices is an important management indicator that will allow the optimization of the use of a strategic resource in people's health care.
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Keywords
Dosis Unitaria. SDMDU. Medicamentos. Dispositivos