Cuantificación de saponinas en raíz de Medicago sativa L. por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo fue cuantificar las saponinas presentes en la raíz de Medicago sativa L. mediante cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC). La investigación se realizó en el laboratorio Multifuncional de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, utilizando raíces recolectadas en el campus universitario. Se sometieron las raíces a un proceso de secado, molienda y extracción etanólica. Se realizaron pruebas cualitativas de saponinas (Rosell, Salkowski, Liebermann-Burchard). Se determinaron los valores fisicoquímicos del extracto de raíz de Medicago sativa L, como: pH 6,11, índice de refracción 1,36, cenizas totales 3,3 %, densidad relativa 0,8 y el índice de acidez 2,576 mg KOH. Para la cuantificación, se utilizó un estándar de saponina (Quillaja saponaria), construyéndose una curva de calibración con concentraciones en mg/mL vs el área bajo la curva, obteniendo una ecuación de regresión lineal con un coeficiente de correlación de R2 = 0,982. Los resultados mostraron que la concentración de saponinas en la muestra fue de 0,13 g por gramo de muestra.
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to quantify the saponins present in the root of Medicago sativa L. by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The research was carried out in the Multifunctional Laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry of the National University of Trujillo, using roots collected on the university campus. The roots were subjected to a drying, grinding and ethanolic extraction process. Qualitative tests of saponins (Rosell, Salkowski, Liebermann-Burchard) were performed. The physicochemical values of the root extract of Medicago sativa L. were determined, such as: pH 6.11, refractive index 1.36, total ash 3.3%, relative density 0.8 and acidity index 2.576 mg KOH. For quantification, a saponin standard (Quillaja saponaria) was used, constructing a calibration curve with concentrations in mg/mL vs the area under the curve, obtaining a linear regression equation with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.982. The results showed that the concentration of saponins in the sample was 0.13 g per gram of sample.
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to quantify the saponins present in the root of Medicago sativa L. by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The research was carried out in the Multifunctional Laboratory of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry of the National University of Trujillo, using roots collected on the university campus. The roots were subjected to a drying, grinding and ethanolic extraction process. Qualitative tests of saponins (Rosell, Salkowski, Liebermann-Burchard) were performed. The physicochemical values of the root extract of Medicago sativa L. were determined, such as: pH 6.11, refractive index 1.36, total ash 3.3%, relative density 0.8 and acidity index 2.576 mg KOH. For quantification, a saponin standard (Quillaja saponaria) was used, constructing a calibration curve with concentrations in mg/mL vs the area under the curve, obtaining a linear regression equation with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.982. The results showed that the concentration of saponins in the sample was 0.13 g per gram of sample.
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Keywords
Medicago sativa L. Cuantificación. Saponinas. Análisis fitoquímico. HPLC