Características epidemiológicas de la leishmaniosis cutánea en la provincia de Sánchez Carrión, 2017 – 2019
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La leishmaniasis cutánea es una enfermedad endémica causada por protozoos del género Leishmania, transmitida a través de picaduras de mosquitos hembra de los géneros Phlebotomus y Lutzomyia. Esta enfermedad afecta principalmente a poblaciones rurales de zonas tropicales y subtropicales, donde las condiciones climáticas cálidas y húmedas favorecen la propagación del vector. En Perú, la leishmaniasis es un problema de salud pública debido a su alta incidencia, especialmente en áreas con acceso limitado a servicios médicos. Este estudio se centró en la provincia de Sánchez Carrión, durante el periodo 2017-2019, con el objetivo de determinar las características epidemiológicas de la enfermedad. Se trabajaron con 136 casos confirmados de leishmaniasis cutánea en la provincia de Sánchez Carrión, dónde se observó que el mayor porcentaje de incidencia es en niños, seguido por los varones, principalmente estudiantes y trabajadores agrícolas, provenientes del distrito de Huamachuco, debiéndose principalmente a la actividades económicas realizadas al aire libre (agricultura, ganadería y pastoreo) así como también al clima, zona geográfica y tipo de vivienda rústica, concluyendo de tal modo que, los varones, adultos, niños, estudiantes y agricultores de Huamachuco presentaron el mayor número de casos de leishmaniasis cutánea en los tres años evaluados.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus, transmitted through bites from female mosquitoes of the Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia genera. This disease primarily affects rural populations in tropical and subtropical regions, where warm and humid climates promote the spread of the vector. In Peru, leishmaniasis is a public health issue due to its high incidence, particularly in areas with limited access to medical services. This study focused on the Sánchez Carrión province from 2017 to 2019, aiming to determine the epidemiological characteristics of the disease. A total of 136 confirmed cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were recorded in Sánchez Carrión, with the highest incidence observed in children, followed by males, primarily students and agricultural workers from the Huamachuco district. This is largely attributed to outdoor economic activities (farming, livestock, and shepherding), as well as the region's climate, geography, and rustic housing. The conclusion is that males, adults, children, students, and farmers from Huamachuco accounted for the majority of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases during the three-year period.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic disease caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus, transmitted through bites from female mosquitoes of the Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia genera. This disease primarily affects rural populations in tropical and subtropical regions, where warm and humid climates promote the spread of the vector. In Peru, leishmaniasis is a public health issue due to its high incidence, particularly in areas with limited access to medical services. This study focused on the Sánchez Carrión province from 2017 to 2019, aiming to determine the epidemiological characteristics of the disease. A total of 136 confirmed cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis were recorded in Sánchez Carrión, with the highest incidence observed in children, followed by males, primarily students and agricultural workers from the Huamachuco district. This is largely attributed to outdoor economic activities (farming, livestock, and shepherding), as well as the region's climate, geography, and rustic housing. The conclusion is that males, adults, children, students, and farmers from Huamachuco accounted for the majority of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases during the three-year period.
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Keywords
Leishmania, leishmaniosis cutánea, enfermedad endémica, Lutzomyia