Relación entre la prevalencia de maloclusiones y la necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico en escolares de 15 años en el distrito de Chachapoyas, 2017
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Date
2021
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El objetivo fue determinar la relación entre la prevalencia de maloclusiones y la necesidad
de tratamiento ortodóntico en escolares de 15 años del distrito de Chachapoyas, 2017. El
estudio es descriptivo y transversal. Se evaluó una muestra de 138 escolares. Para
recolectar los datos se utilizó una ficha y el Índice de Necesidad de Tratamiento
Ortodóntico (IOTN) considerando para el Componente de Salud Dental 5 categorías de
necesidad de tratamiento, y para el Componente Estético se mostraron 10 fotografías
intraorales frontales. Para el análisis de los datos se usó estadística descriptiva e
inferencial y la prueba Chi Cuadrado para establecer indicadores de relación. Los
resultados evidencian que la maloclusión clase I fue la más prevalente con el 66%; el
índice IOTN revela que el 43.5 % necesita (grado 4) tratamiento ortodóntico, mientras
que, en el Componente Estético, el 81.2 % consideró poco o nada necesario el tratamiento.
Se concluye que existe relación directa entre maloclusión y necesidad de tratamiento
ortodóntico en el componente salud bucal pero no para el componente estético.
The objective was to determine the relationship between the prevalence of malocclusions and the need for orthodontic treatment in 15-year-old schoolchildren from the Chachapoyas district, 2017. The study is descriptive and cross-sectional. A sample of 138 schoolchildren was evaluated. To collect the data, a card and the Orthodontic Treatment Need Index (IOTN) were used, considering for the Dental Health Component 5 categories of need for treatment, and for the Aesthetic Component, 10 frontal intraoral photographs were shown. Descriptive and inferential statistics and the Chi Square test were used to analyze the data to establish relationship indicators. The results show that class I malocclusion was the most prevalent with 66%; the IOTN index reveals that 43.5% need (grade 4) orthodontic treatment, while, in the Aesthetic Component, 81.2% considered treatment little or not necessary. It is concluded that there is a direct relationship between malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment in the oral health component, but not for the aesthetic component.
The objective was to determine the relationship between the prevalence of malocclusions and the need for orthodontic treatment in 15-year-old schoolchildren from the Chachapoyas district, 2017. The study is descriptive and cross-sectional. A sample of 138 schoolchildren was evaluated. To collect the data, a card and the Orthodontic Treatment Need Index (IOTN) were used, considering for the Dental Health Component 5 categories of need for treatment, and for the Aesthetic Component, 10 frontal intraoral photographs were shown. Descriptive and inferential statistics and the Chi Square test were used to analyze the data to establish relationship indicators. The results show that class I malocclusion was the most prevalent with 66%; the IOTN index reveals that 43.5% need (grade 4) orthodontic treatment, while, in the Aesthetic Component, 81.2% considered treatment little or not necessary. It is concluded that there is a direct relationship between malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment in the oral health component, but not for the aesthetic component.
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Keywords
Maloclusión, Estética, Índice de necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico, Ortodoncia