Variación de la presión arterial y frecuencia cardiaca de gestantes en operatoria dental con y sin anestesia, en odontología del Hospital Santa Isabel, durante junio-julio 2016
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Date
2016
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente estudio de tipo transversal descriptivo y analítico tuvo como principal objetivo comparar la variación de la frecuencia cardiaca y presión arterial antes, durante y después del tratamiento de operatoria dental con y sin anestesia. El marco muestral lo conformaron 52 gestantes del sexto al octavo mes de gestación. El diseño de estudio se ajustó a un ensayo clínico de antes, durante y después. Se realizaron 2 grupos: Grupo A (gestantes sometidas a operatoria dental sin la administración de anestesia) y Grupo B (gestantes sometidas a operatoria dental con anestesia). Dentro de cada grupo se realizaron la toma de la presión arterial y frecuencia cardiaca antes, durante el procedimiento (10 minutos después) y al finalizar el tratamiento dental. Los resultados determinaron un promedio de frecuencia cardiaca durante el tratamiento dental sin anestesia de 71.6 ±6.6 y con anestesia 70.8±5 antes del tratamiento odontológico, durante el tratamiento fue en promedio sin anestesia 72.3 ±5.8 y con anestesia 73.1±4.7 y finalmente después del tratamiento odontológico fue en promedio 72.6 ±6.8 sin anestesia y con anestesia 73.8±5.1. Donde antes-después sin anestesia hay una variación significativa (p ≤ 0.05), antes-durante con anestesia y antes- después con anestesia hay variación altamente significativa (p ≤ 0.01). La Presión Arterial Sistólica de gestantes en tratamiento de operatoria dental sin anestesia fue en promedio de 102.4 ±9.2 y con anestesia 109.5±8.6 antes del tratamiento odontológico, durante el tratamiento fue en promedio sin anestesia 103.3 ±8.5 y con anestesia 111.2±7.5 y finalmente después del tratamiento odontológico fue en promedio 103.7 ±8.4 sin anestesia y con anestesia 111.0 ±7.8, donde antes – durante y antes - después con anestesia hay una variación altamente significativa (p ≤ 0.01). La Presión Arterial Diastólica de gestantes en tratamiento de operatoria dental sin anestesia fue en promedio de 61.2 ± 4.8 y con anestesia 63.9 ± 6.1 antes del tratamiento odontológico, durante el tratamiento fue en promedio sin anestesia 62.4 ± 4.9 y con anestesia 65.2 ± 7.0 y finalmente después del tratamiento odontológico fue en promedio 63.3 ± 5.5 sin anestesia y con anestesia 65.6 ± 7.0, donde antes-durante y antes-después sin anestesia hay una variación significativa (p ≤ 0.05) y altamente significativa respectivamente (p ≤ 0.01), antes-después con anestesia hay una variación significativa(p ≤ 0.05).
The present descriptive and analytical cross sectional study had as main objective to compare the variation of the heart rate and blood pressure before, during and after the treatment of dental surgery with and without anesthesia. The sampling frame was formed by 52 pregnant women from the sixth to the eighth month of gestation. The study design was adjusted to a clinical trial of before, during and after. Two groups were performed: Group A (pregnant women undergoing dental surgery without the administration of anesthesia) and Group B (pregnant women undergoing dental surgery under anesthesia). Within each group, blood pressure and heart rate were taken before, during the procedure (10 minutes later) and at the end of dental treatment. The results determined an average heart rate during dental treatment without anesthesia of 71.6 ± 6.6 and with anesthesia 70.8 ± 5 before dental treatment, during treatment was on average without anesthesia 72.3 ± 5.8 and with anesthesia 73.1 ± 4.7 and finally after the Dental treatment was on average 72.6 ± 6.8 without anesthesia and with anesthesia 73.8 ± 5.1. Where before-after without anesthesia there is a significant variation (p ≤ 0.05), before-during anesthesia and before- after anesthesia there is a highly significant variation (p ≤ 0.01). The systolic blood pressure of pregnant women in treatment of dental surgery without anesthesia was on average 102.4 ± 9.2 and with anesthesia 109.5 ± 8.6 before dental treatment, during the treatment was on average without anesthesia 103.3 ± 8.5 and with anesthesia 111.2 ± 7.5 and finally After dental treatment was on average 103.7 ± 8.4 without anesthesia and with anesthesia 111.0 ± 7.8, where before - during and before - after anesthesia there was a highly significant variation (p ≤ 0.01). The Diastolic Blood Pressure of pregnant women in treatment of dental surgery without anesthesia was on average 61.2 ± 4.8 and with anesthesia 63.9 ± 6.1 before dental treatment, during the treatment was on average without anesthesia 62.4 ± 4.9 and with anesthesia 65.2 ± 7.0 and finally After dental treatment was on average 63.3 ± 5.5 without anesthesia and with anesthesia 65.6 ± 7.0, where before-during and before-after anesthesia there was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) and highly significant variation respectively (p ≤ 0.01), before- Then with anesthesia there is a significant variation (p ≤ 0.05).
The present descriptive and analytical cross sectional study had as main objective to compare the variation of the heart rate and blood pressure before, during and after the treatment of dental surgery with and without anesthesia. The sampling frame was formed by 52 pregnant women from the sixth to the eighth month of gestation. The study design was adjusted to a clinical trial of before, during and after. Two groups were performed: Group A (pregnant women undergoing dental surgery without the administration of anesthesia) and Group B (pregnant women undergoing dental surgery under anesthesia). Within each group, blood pressure and heart rate were taken before, during the procedure (10 minutes later) and at the end of dental treatment. The results determined an average heart rate during dental treatment without anesthesia of 71.6 ± 6.6 and with anesthesia 70.8 ± 5 before dental treatment, during treatment was on average without anesthesia 72.3 ± 5.8 and with anesthesia 73.1 ± 4.7 and finally after the Dental treatment was on average 72.6 ± 6.8 without anesthesia and with anesthesia 73.8 ± 5.1. Where before-after without anesthesia there is a significant variation (p ≤ 0.05), before-during anesthesia and before- after anesthesia there is a highly significant variation (p ≤ 0.01). The systolic blood pressure of pregnant women in treatment of dental surgery without anesthesia was on average 102.4 ± 9.2 and with anesthesia 109.5 ± 8.6 before dental treatment, during the treatment was on average without anesthesia 103.3 ± 8.5 and with anesthesia 111.2 ± 7.5 and finally After dental treatment was on average 103.7 ± 8.4 without anesthesia and with anesthesia 111.0 ± 7.8, where before - during and before - after anesthesia there was a highly significant variation (p ≤ 0.01). The Diastolic Blood Pressure of pregnant women in treatment of dental surgery without anesthesia was on average 61.2 ± 4.8 and with anesthesia 63.9 ± 6.1 before dental treatment, during the treatment was on average without anesthesia 62.4 ± 4.9 and with anesthesia 65.2 ± 7.0 and finally After dental treatment was on average 63.3 ± 5.5 without anesthesia and with anesthesia 65.6 ± 7.0, where before-during and before-after anesthesia there was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) and highly significant variation respectively (p ≤ 0.01), before- Then with anesthesia there is a significant variation (p ≤ 0.05).
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Keywords
Vasoconstrictor frecuencia, Anestésico local, Presión arterial