“Prevalencia del Carcinoma Oral de Células Escamosas en Pacientes Atendidos en el Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas IREN, Trujillo 2024”
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Este estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal y retrospectivo; tuvo como objetivo
determinar la prevalencia de carcinoma oral de células escamosas en los pacientes
atendidos en el Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (IREN), Trujillo 2010-
2022.
Se realizó la revisión de 382 historias clínicas con diagnóstico de cáncer oral en el servicio
de cabeza y cuello de dicha institución, del periodo entre 2010 y 2022, las cuales
cumplieron con los criterios de selección. Se realizó el análisis de cada documento para
registrar la prevalencia según localización anatómica, grado histológico, estadio clínico
TNM, hábito de consumo de tabaco y alcohol, edad y género.
La prevalencia de carcinoma oral de células escamosas fue 98.7%. La mayoría de los
casos de carcinoma oral de células escamosas se presentaron en la lengua, con un 44.2%
de los pacientes afectados, seguido del reborde alveolar/encía (20.7%) y el suelo de la
boca (11.8%). Según el grado histológico se observó que, la mayoría de los casos se
presentan en los grados II con 36.40% y III con 33.20%. Además, la mayoría de los
pacientes diagnosticados se encuentran en los estadios III y IV según el estadio clínico
TNM. La mayor prevalencia se encuentra en aquellos pacientes que consumen tanto
tabaco como alcohol, representando el 41.40% de los casos, así como en el grupo etario
de 50 a 59 años, y en el género masculino.
Se concluye que existe una alta prevalencia de carcinoma oral de células escamosas en
los pacientes atendidos en el Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (IREN),
Trujillo 2010-2022
The present descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study; The objective was to determine the prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients treated at the Regional Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (IREN), Trujillo 2010-2022. In the present study, we worked with all the medical records with a diagnosis of oral cancer found during the years 2010 to 2022, which amounted to 382, which met the selection criteria. The analysis of each document was carried out to record the prevalence according to anatomical location, histological grade, TNM clinical stage, tobacco and alcohol consumption habit, age and genre. The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma was 98.7%. Most cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma occurred on the tongue, with 44.2% of patients affected followed by the alveolar ridge/gingiva (20.7%) and the floor of the mouth (11.8%). According to the histological grade, it was observed that the majority of cases occur in grades II with 36.40% and III with 33.20%. Furthermore, the majority of diagnosed patients are in stages III and IV according to the TNM clinical stage. The highest prevalence is found in those patients who consume both tobacco and alcohol, representing 41.40% of the cases, as well as in the age group of 50 to 59 years, and in the female sex. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients treated at the Regional Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (IREN), Trujillo 2010-2022
The present descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study; The objective was to determine the prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients treated at the Regional Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (IREN), Trujillo 2010-2022. In the present study, we worked with all the medical records with a diagnosis of oral cancer found during the years 2010 to 2022, which amounted to 382, which met the selection criteria. The analysis of each document was carried out to record the prevalence according to anatomical location, histological grade, TNM clinical stage, tobacco and alcohol consumption habit, age and genre. The prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma was 98.7%. Most cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma occurred on the tongue, with 44.2% of patients affected followed by the alveolar ridge/gingiva (20.7%) and the floor of the mouth (11.8%). According to the histological grade, it was observed that the majority of cases occur in grades II with 36.40% and III with 33.20%. Furthermore, the majority of diagnosed patients are in stages III and IV according to the TNM clinical stage. The highest prevalence is found in those patients who consume both tobacco and alcohol, representing 41.40% of the cases, as well as in the age group of 50 to 59 years, and in the female sex. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients treated at the Regional Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (IREN), Trujillo 2010-2022
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Keywords
Carcimoma, Tabaco, Histología