La persona jurídica como sujeto pasivo de imputación penal en procesos por delitos de violación contra la libertad de trabajo
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación busca determinar si la falta de incorporación de la persona jurídica como sujeto pasible de imputación penal es causa del incumplimiento del pago oportuno del adeudo laboral en favor del trabajador, en los procesos penales por el delito contra la libertad de trabajo, con el propósito de lograr una eficaz sanción contra el ente colectivo y el cumplimiento de una efectiva reparación civil al trabajador. Con tal fin, se han analizado expedientes judiciales y se han realizado encuestas a magistrados y abogados, para verificar el trámite del proceso penal y el resultado en cuanto al pago del adeudo laboral a favor del trabajador, así también el impacto preventivo y reparatorio que tendría la incorporación del ente colectivo como sujeto pasivo de imputación penal en este tipo de delitos. Como principales resultados se obtuvo que, en el proceso penal, se produce un incumplimiento o excesivo retardo en el pago del adeudo laboral; además únicamente la responsabilidad penal recae en el representante legal de la persona jurídica, en ningún momento se incorpora al ente colectivo empleador como sujeto pasivo de imputación penal, con la finalidad de imponérsele una medida accesoria contemplada en el Código Penal, de manera que asegure el oportuno pago del adeudo laboral a favor del trabajador y se alcance una eficaz sanción que genere un efecto preventivo en las demás personas jurídicas.
ABSTRACT The present investigation seeks to determine whether the lack of incorporation of the legal entity as a subject subject to criminal charges is a cause of failure to make timely payment of the labor debt in favor of the worker, in criminal proceedings for the crime against freedom of work, with the purpose of achieving an effective sanction against the collective entity and the fulfillment of effective civil reparation to the worker. To this end, judicial files have been analyzed and surveys have been carried out with magistrates and lawyers, to verify the processing of the criminal process and the result regarding the ayment of the labor debt in favor of the worker, as well as the preventive and reparative impact that it would have. the incorporation of the collective entity as a passive subject of criminal prosecution in this type of crimes. The main results were that, in the criminal process, there is a failure or excessive delay in the payment of the labor debt; In addition, only the criminal responsibility alls on the legal representative of the legal entity, at no time is the collective mployer entity incorporated as a passive subject of criminal charges, with the purpose of imposing an accessory measure contemplated in the Penal Code, so as to ensure the timely payment of the labor debt in favor of the worker and an effective sanction is reached that generates a preventive effect on other legal entities.
ABSTRACT The present investigation seeks to determine whether the lack of incorporation of the legal entity as a subject subject to criminal charges is a cause of failure to make timely payment of the labor debt in favor of the worker, in criminal proceedings for the crime against freedom of work, with the purpose of achieving an effective sanction against the collective entity and the fulfillment of effective civil reparation to the worker. To this end, judicial files have been analyzed and surveys have been carried out with magistrates and lawyers, to verify the processing of the criminal process and the result regarding the ayment of the labor debt in favor of the worker, as well as the preventive and reparative impact that it would have. the incorporation of the collective entity as a passive subject of criminal prosecution in this type of crimes. The main results were that, in the criminal process, there is a failure or excessive delay in the payment of the labor debt; In addition, only the criminal responsibility alls on the legal representative of the legal entity, at no time is the collective mployer entity incorporated as a passive subject of criminal charges, with the purpose of imposing an accessory measure contemplated in the Penal Code, so as to ensure the timely payment of the labor debt in favor of the worker and an effective sanction is reached that generates a preventive effect on other legal entities.
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Keywords
Persona jurídica, Consecuencias accesorias, Violación a la libertad de trabajo, Sujeto pasivo de imputación penal