Reducción de costos en la remediación de pasivos ambientales mineros reutilizando lodos para la fabricación de ladrillos
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Date
2022
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
En las actividades desarrolladas en la minería se encuentra con frecuencia la generación de “aguas ácidas de mina”, que al no ser procesadas y/o tratadas pueden dar lugar a un importante impacto negativo en el aspecto socio ambiental y económico. Se ha investigado una alternativa de reducir los costos en el desarrollo de proyectos de cierre y pos cierre de minas abandonadas, ya que en esta etapa de operación los costos de operación de las empresas son orientadas a monitorear y mitigar los impactos causados por el desarrollo de esta actividad luego del cierre de operaciones. Está investigación presenta una alternativa de utilización de los lodos generados (residuos) en los sistemas de tratamientos de aguas ácidas de mina que pueden utilizarse en otra industria u otra actividad desarrollada por el hombre para mitigar el impacto ambiental. Así como evitar desarrollar la implementación de proyectos de encapsulamiento de estos desechos que conlleva a la inversión de cientos de miles de soles y que si es convenientemente aplicamos esta alternativa de planteamiento de economía circular se tendrá la reducción de costos en la etapa de monitoreo y mantenimiento de pasivos ambientales serían significativamente menor.
Inicialmente se realizó los análisis de los lodos y los resultados se compararon con la composición química de las materias primas para la fabricación de cementos y de ladrillos confirmando que estos lodos pueden ser utilizados como materia prima para montar una ladrillera en el Distrito de Chacayán - Provincia Daniel Carrión - Cerro de Pasco y así reducir los costos en dichos proyectos de mantenimiento y monitoreo en la etapa de post cierre de minas.
In the activities carried out in mining, the generation of “acid mine waters” is frequently found, which by not being processed and / or treated can lead to a significant negative impact on the socio-environmental and economic aspect. An alternative has been investigated to reduce costs in the development of closure and post-closure projects for abandoned mines, since in this stage of operation the operating costs of the companies are aimed at monitoring and mitigating the impacts caused by the development of this activity after the closing of operations. This research presents an alternative for the use of generated sludge (waste) in acid mine water treatment systems that can be used in another industry or other activity developed by man to mitigate environmental impact. As well as avoiding developing the implementation of encapsulation projects of these wastes that entails the investment of hundreds of thousands of soles and that if is conveniently we apply this alternative of circular economy approach, there will be a cost reduction in the monitoring, and maintenance stage of environmental liabilities would be significantly lower. Initially analysis was performed of the sludge’s and the results were compared with the chemical composition of raw materials for manufacturing cement and brick confirming that the sludge can be used as feedstock for a brick to be implemented in Chacayán District - Daniel Carrion Province - Cerro de Pasco and thus reduce costs in said maintenance and monitoring projects in the post-closure phase of mines
In the activities carried out in mining, the generation of “acid mine waters” is frequently found, which by not being processed and / or treated can lead to a significant negative impact on the socio-environmental and economic aspect. An alternative has been investigated to reduce costs in the development of closure and post-closure projects for abandoned mines, since in this stage of operation the operating costs of the companies are aimed at monitoring and mitigating the impacts caused by the development of this activity after the closing of operations. This research presents an alternative for the use of generated sludge (waste) in acid mine water treatment systems that can be used in another industry or other activity developed by man to mitigate environmental impact. As well as avoiding developing the implementation of encapsulation projects of these wastes that entails the investment of hundreds of thousands of soles and that if is conveniently we apply this alternative of circular economy approach, there will be a cost reduction in the monitoring, and maintenance stage of environmental liabilities would be significantly lower. Initially analysis was performed of the sludge’s and the results were compared with the chemical composition of raw materials for manufacturing cement and brick confirming that the sludge can be used as feedstock for a brick to be implemented in Chacayán District - Daniel Carrion Province - Cerro de Pasco and thus reduce costs in said maintenance and monitoring projects in the post-closure phase of mines
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Keywords
Aguas ácidas, Remediación ambiental, Pasivos ambientales