Diseño de un sistema de gestión de residuos sólidos en el Hospital de Especialidades Básicas La Noria-Trujillo, 2021
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
La presente investigación desarrolla el Diseño de un Sistema de Gestión de Residuos Sólidos en el Hospital de Especialidades Básicas La Noria-Trujillo, 2021, en base a la NTS N° 144-MINSA/2018/DIGESA, con el fin de optimizar los procesos en cada etapa de la gestión y manejo de los residuos sólidos. La primera etapa de la investigación corresponde a la elaboración del diagnóstico basal de la gestión y manejo de los residuos sólidos. La caracterización se realizó en 08 días consecutivos según la Guía CEPIS (1998). La segunda etapa comprende la evaluación del grado de conocimientos sobre el manejo de residuos sólidos al personal asistencial y de limpieza, a través de una encuesta estructurada y validada por un juicio de expertos. La tercera etapa consiste en la evaluación de los aspectos de gestión de residuos sólidos, mediante la lista de verificación de cumplimiento de los componentes de la gestión de los residuos sólidos. La cuarta etapa está dada por la evaluación del manejo de residuos sólidos en las UPSS de Atención Directa, de soporte y áreas administrativas, a través de la lista de verificación en cada etapa del ciclo de manejo de residuos sólidos. Por último, se estructuró el Programa de minimización y manejo de residuos sólidos; incluyendo el Programa de sensibilización y capacitación en gestión y manejo de residuos sólidos; y el Programa de reciclaje y reúso de residuos sólidos. En la evaluación del grado de conocimientos sobre el manejo de residuos sólidos, se tiene que el conocimiento en el personal médico es alto en un 80% y medio en un 20%; en el personal de enfermería es alto en un 95% y medio en un 5%; en el personal de laboratorio es alto en un 80% y medio en un 20%; en el personal de limpieza es alto en un 100%; en el personal asistencial y de limpieza es alto en un 84% y medio en un 16%. En la evaluación de las etapas del manejo de residuos sólidos se tiene que el acondicionamiento es aceptable en la mayoría de servicios, deficiente en la minoría y muy deficiente en un nivel intermedio. La segregación y almacenamiento primario de residuos sólidos es aceptable en la mayoría de servicios, deficiente en un nivel intermedio y muy deficiente en la minoría. La recolección y transporte interno de los residuos sólidos; y la infraestructura del almacenamiento central; es muy deficiente. El tratamiento, recolección y transporte externo, y disposición final de los residuos sólidos; es aceptable. La gestión de residuos sólidos es aceptable.
The present research develops the Design of a Solid Waste Management System in the Hospital of Basic Specialties La Noria-Trujillo, 2021, based on the NTS N° 144-MINSA/2018/DIGESA, in order to optimize processes at each stage of solid waste management. The first stage of the research concerns the preparation of the baseline diagnosis of solid waste management. The characterization was performed in 08 consecutive days according to the CEPIS Guide (1998). The second stage includes the evaluation of the degree of knowledge about solid waste management for healthcare and cleaning personnel, through a structured survey validated by an expert judgement. The third stage consists of the assessment of solid waste management aspects, through the compliance checklist of solid waste management components. The fourth stage is given by the evaluation of solid waste management in the Direct Care, Support and Administrative Areas UPSS, through the checklist at each stage of the solid waste management cycle. Finally, the Solid Waste Management and Minimization Program was structured; including the Solid Waste Management Awareness and Training Program; and the Solid Waste Recycling and Reuse Program. In assessing the degree of knowledge about solid waste management, the knowledge of medical personnel is high by 80.5 per cent by 20 per cent; in nursing personnel it is high by 95.5 per cent; in laboratory personnel is high by 80% and a half by 20%; in cleaning personnel is high by 100%; in healthcare and cleaning personnel is high by 84% and a half by 16%. In the evaluation of the stages of solid waste management, conditioning is acceptable in most services, deficient in the minority and very poor at an intermediate level. Segregation and primary storage of solid waste is acceptable in most services, deficient at an intermediate level and very poor in the minority. Internal collection and transport of solid waste; and central storage infrastructure; is very poor. External treatment, collection and transport and final disposal of solid waste is acceptable. Solid waste management is acceptable.
The present research develops the Design of a Solid Waste Management System in the Hospital of Basic Specialties La Noria-Trujillo, 2021, based on the NTS N° 144-MINSA/2018/DIGESA, in order to optimize processes at each stage of solid waste management. The first stage of the research concerns the preparation of the baseline diagnosis of solid waste management. The characterization was performed in 08 consecutive days according to the CEPIS Guide (1998). The second stage includes the evaluation of the degree of knowledge about solid waste management for healthcare and cleaning personnel, through a structured survey validated by an expert judgement. The third stage consists of the assessment of solid waste management aspects, through the compliance checklist of solid waste management components. The fourth stage is given by the evaluation of solid waste management in the Direct Care, Support and Administrative Areas UPSS, through the checklist at each stage of the solid waste management cycle. Finally, the Solid Waste Management and Minimization Program was structured; including the Solid Waste Management Awareness and Training Program; and the Solid Waste Recycling and Reuse Program. In assessing the degree of knowledge about solid waste management, the knowledge of medical personnel is high by 80.5 per cent by 20 per cent; in nursing personnel it is high by 95.5 per cent; in laboratory personnel is high by 80% and a half by 20%; in cleaning personnel is high by 100%; in healthcare and cleaning personnel is high by 84% and a half by 16%. In the evaluation of the stages of solid waste management, conditioning is acceptable in most services, deficient in the minority and very poor at an intermediate level. Segregation and primary storage of solid waste is acceptable in most services, deficient at an intermediate level and very poor in the minority. Internal collection and transport of solid waste; and central storage infrastructure; is very poor. External treatment, collection and transport and final disposal of solid waste is acceptable. Solid waste management is acceptable.
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Keywords
Residuos sólidos, Gestión de residuos sólidos