Trombocitopenia y factores epidemiológicos asociados a pacientes con dengue atendidos en el Centro de Salud Melvin Jones Alto Trujillo, marzo a agosto de 2023
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la asociación de la trombocitopenia y los factores epidemiológicos (antecedente de dengue, género, grupo etario, ocupación, lugar de infección y mes de infección) con los casos confirmados de dengue, en pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Salud Melvin Jones, Alto Trujillo, durante el periodo marzo - agosto de 2023. Se efectuó una investigación de diseño no experimental, descriptivo y de corte transversal, recopilando información de las fichas epidemiológicas de 730 pacientes probables de dengue, de los cuales 452 fueron los casos confirmados. Se determinó una asociación altamente significativa entre la trombocitopenia y el dengue (p <0.01). El sexo masculino mostró una protección ligeramente mayor contra el virus en comparación con las mujeres (OR 0.7), mientras que estar infectado aumentó el riesgo de trombocitopenia en más de 100 veces (OR 106.7). También se encontró que el género, grupo etario, ocupación, lugar de infección y mes tuvieron una asociación significativa con la presencia de la enfermedad (p < 0.05). Únicamente, los antecedentes de dengue no mostraron una relación significativa con esta afección (p > 0.05). La frecuencia de trombocitopenia y los casos confirmados de dengue fue de 71% y 61.9% respectivamente. Finalmente, se concluyó que la trombocitopenia y algunos factores epidemiológicos están asociados con el dengue y se recomienda seguir investigando para desarrollar enfoques innovadores que mejoren la prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta enfermedad.
The aim of the study was to establish the association of thrombocytopenia and epidemiological factors (history of dengue, gender, age group, occupation, place of infection and month of infection) with confirmed cases of dengue in patients treated at the Melvin Jones Health Center, Alto Trujillo, during the period March - August 2023. A non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional research design was carried out, collecting information from the epidemiological records of 730 probable dengue patients, of which 452 were confirmed cases. A highly significant association between thrombocytopenia and dengue was determined (p <0.01). Male sex showed slightly higher protection against the virus compared to females (OR 0.7), while being infected increased the risk of thrombocytopenia by more than 100-fold (OR 106.7). It was also found that gender, age group, occupation, place of infection and month had a significant association with the presence of the disease (p < 0.05). Only, history of dengue fever did not show a significant association with this condition (p > 0.05). The frequency of thrombocytopenia and confirmed cases of dengue was 71% and 61.9%, respectively. Finally, it was concluded that thrombocytopenia and some epidemiological factors are associated with dengue and further research is recommended to develop innovative approaches to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
The aim of the study was to establish the association of thrombocytopenia and epidemiological factors (history of dengue, gender, age group, occupation, place of infection and month of infection) with confirmed cases of dengue in patients treated at the Melvin Jones Health Center, Alto Trujillo, during the period March - August 2023. A non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional research design was carried out, collecting information from the epidemiological records of 730 probable dengue patients, of which 452 were confirmed cases. A highly significant association between thrombocytopenia and dengue was determined (p <0.01). Male sex showed slightly higher protection against the virus compared to females (OR 0.7), while being infected increased the risk of thrombocytopenia by more than 100-fold (OR 106.7). It was also found that gender, age group, occupation, place of infection and month had a significant association with the presence of the disease (p < 0.05). Only, history of dengue fever did not show a significant association with this condition (p > 0.05). The frequency of thrombocytopenia and confirmed cases of dengue was 71% and 61.9%, respectively. Finally, it was concluded that thrombocytopenia and some epidemiological factors are associated with dengue and further research is recommended to develop innovative approaches to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Keywords
Dengue, Epidemiología, Trombocitopenia