Pacientes hospitalizados: factores sociales y calidad de cuidado de enfermería en el Hospital de Apoyo chepén
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Date
2025-01-09
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El estudio tuvo como objetivo general indagar la calidad de cuidado de enfermería percibido
por pacientes de un servicio de hospitalización de un Hospital Público de Chepén y la
probable relación con factores sociales. El estudio fue de tipo básico, de diseño correlacional,
transversal y cuantitativo; con una población de 415 pacientes del servicio de medicina del
hospital de apoyo Chepén al año 2023 y una muestra proporcional de 200 pacientes mediante
un muestreo aleatorio simple. Para la recolección de datos se empleó un cuestionario sobre
Factores sociales y Calidad de cuidado de enfermería percibida por el paciente. Para el
análisis de datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva con el uso de tablas estadísticas y la prueba
estadística Shi cuadrada, procesándose los datos con el programa Microsoft Excel 2019 y el
software IBM Spss Statistics versión 26. El análisis de los resultados de la prueba de Chi
cuadrada muestra una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la calidad del cuidado de
enfermería y los factores sociales de edad (X2= 54.975, p = 0.000), género (X2= 8.842, p=
0.012) y grado de instrucción (X2= 46.887, p= 0.000). Sin embargo, no se encontró una
relación significativa con la procedencia (X2= 4.142, p = 0.387), lo que sugiere que este
factor no impacta de manera relevante en la calidad del cuidado. Se concluyó que la calidad
del cuidado de enfermería percibido por los pacientes está significativamente influenciada
por los factores sociales.
The general objective of the study was to investigate the quality of nursing care perceived by patients of a hospitalization service of a Public Hospital of Chepén and the probable relationship with social factors. The study was basic in nature, with a correlational, crosssectional and quantitative design; with a population of 415 patients from the medicine service of the Chepén support hospital in 2023 and a proportional sample of 200 patients through simple random sampling. To collect data, a questionnaire on social factors and quality of nursing care perceived by the patient was used. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used with the use of statistical tables and the Shi square statistical test, processing the data with the Microsoft Excel 2019 program and the IBM Spss Statistics software version 26. The analysis of the results of the Chi test square shows a statistically significant relationship between the quality of nursing care and the social factors of age (X2= 54.975, p = 0.000), gender (X2= 8.842, p= 0.012) and level of education (X2= 46.887, p= 0.000). However, no significant relationship was found with origin (X2= 4.142, p = 0.387), which suggests that this factor does not have a relevant impact on the quality of care. It was concluded that the quality of nursing care perceived by patients is significantly influenced by social factors
The general objective of the study was to investigate the quality of nursing care perceived by patients of a hospitalization service of a Public Hospital of Chepén and the probable relationship with social factors. The study was basic in nature, with a correlational, crosssectional and quantitative design; with a population of 415 patients from the medicine service of the Chepén support hospital in 2023 and a proportional sample of 200 patients through simple random sampling. To collect data, a questionnaire on social factors and quality of nursing care perceived by the patient was used. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used with the use of statistical tables and the Shi square statistical test, processing the data with the Microsoft Excel 2019 program and the IBM Spss Statistics software version 26. The analysis of the results of the Chi test square shows a statistically significant relationship between the quality of nursing care and the social factors of age (X2= 54.975, p = 0.000), gender (X2= 8.842, p= 0.012) and level of education (X2= 46.887, p= 0.000). However, no significant relationship was found with origin (X2= 4.142, p = 0.387), which suggests that this factor does not have a relevant impact on the quality of care. It was concluded that the quality of nursing care perceived by patients is significantly influenced by social factors
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Keywords
Calidad de la atención
cuidado de enfermería
factores sociales