Eliminación de cadmio a partir de solución acuosa con alto contenido, mediante electrodeposición
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Date
2023
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
En el presente trabajo de investigación, se realizó con la finalidad de obtener los valores adecuados de temperatura y densidad de corriente para el mejor porcentaje de recuperación de cadmio divalente 𝐶𝑑+2. Lo que motivo esta investigación es poder considerar si el aumento de temperatura ayudara a obtener mejores resultados en la eliminación de cadmio, para esto se trabajó con una solución acuosa estandarizada de cadmio divalente, disolviendo 21 g de sulfato de cadmio octahidratado (3CdSO4.8 H2O), grado reactivo, en 14 litros de agua destilada, se adiciono, ácido sulfúrico concentrado (H2SO4) con un pH estandarizado de 2,5. El método propuesto para lograr recuperar el mayor porcentaje de cadmio divalente es la electrodeposición para la cual se empleó como cátodo al cobre y como ánodo al acero inoxidable. Se empleó temperaturas de 25, 35 y 45°C y densidades de corriente de 3,0; 3,5 y 4,0 mA/𝑐𝑚2. El mejor porcentaje de recuperación de cadmio divalente fue 62,32% el cual se logró con una temperatura de 45°C y una densidad de corriente de 4,0 mA/𝑐𝑚2. Finalmente se concluyó que conforme aumenta la temperatura y densidad de corriente, se logra obtener mayor incremento de recuperación de cadmio divalente y además de ello se determinó que la variable de la densidad de corriente afecta más significativamente con un 𝐹0 de 27,55 a comparación de la temperatura con un 𝐹0 de 6,13; lo cual se confirma una vez más la ecuación de Faraday y el análisis estadístico realizado.
In the present research work, it was carried out with the purpose of obtaining the appropriate values of temperature and current density for the best percentage of suppression of divalent cadmium 𝐶𝑑2+. What motivated this research is to be able to consider whether the increase in temperature would help obtain better results in the elimination of cadmium, for this we worked with a standardized aqueous solution of divalent cadmium, dissolving 21 g of cadmium sulfate octahydrate (3CdSO4.8 H2O), reagent grade, in 14 liters of distilled water, concentrated sulfuric acid was added (H2SO4) with a standardized pH of 2,5. The proposed method to eliminate the highest percentage of divalent cadmium is electrodeposition for which copper was used as the cathode and stainless steel as the anode. Temperatures of 25°C, 35°C and 45°C and current densities of 3,0; 3,5 and 4,0 mA/ 𝑐𝑚2 were used. The best removal percentage of divalent cadmium was 62,32 % which was achieved with a temperature of 45°C and a current density of 4,0 mA/𝑐𝑚2 Finally, it was concluded that as the temperature and current density increases, a greater increase in the removal of divalent cadmium and in addition to this, it was determined that the current density variable affects more significantly with an 𝐹0 of 27,55 compared to temperature with an 𝐹0 of 6,13; is obtained, which is confirmed once again by the Faraday equation and the statistical analysis carried out.
In the present research work, it was carried out with the purpose of obtaining the appropriate values of temperature and current density for the best percentage of suppression of divalent cadmium 𝐶𝑑2+. What motivated this research is to be able to consider whether the increase in temperature would help obtain better results in the elimination of cadmium, for this we worked with a standardized aqueous solution of divalent cadmium, dissolving 21 g of cadmium sulfate octahydrate (3CdSO4.8 H2O), reagent grade, in 14 liters of distilled water, concentrated sulfuric acid was added (H2SO4) with a standardized pH of 2,5. The proposed method to eliminate the highest percentage of divalent cadmium is electrodeposition for which copper was used as the cathode and stainless steel as the anode. Temperatures of 25°C, 35°C and 45°C and current densities of 3,0; 3,5 and 4,0 mA/ 𝑐𝑚2 were used. The best removal percentage of divalent cadmium was 62,32 % which was achieved with a temperature of 45°C and a current density of 4,0 mA/𝑐𝑚2 Finally, it was concluded that as the temperature and current density increases, a greater increase in the removal of divalent cadmium and in addition to this, it was determined that the current density variable affects more significantly with an 𝐹0 of 27,55 compared to temperature with an 𝐹0 of 6,13; is obtained, which is confirmed once again by the Faraday equation and the statistical analysis carried out.
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Keywords
Elemento químico, Solución acuosa, Temperatura y densidad de corriente