Factores sociodemográficos y de salud que explican la anemia en infantes menores de 5 años en el Perú-2022
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Date
2024
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación es de tipo no experimental, transeccional y correlacional causal, cuyo objetivo fue determinar los factores sociodemográficos y de salud que explican la presencia de anemia en infantes menores de 5 años en el Perú en el año 2022. Se contó con una muestra de 19797 infantes, de los cuales 7294 presentaron anemia y 12503 no tuvieron anemia, los datos se recolectaron a través de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar 2022. Para el análisis de los factores que explican la presencia de anemia se utilizó el modelo de regresión logística binaria múltiple, utilizando Microsoft Excel versión 2016 y programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Los resultados indican que los factores sociodemográficos que explican significativamente la presencia de la anemia en los referidos infantes son edad del infante (OR=3.52), sexo del infante (OR=1.16), zona donde residen (OR=1.23), edad de la progenitora (OR=1.49), índice de riqueza (OR=1.84), miembros del hogar (OR=1.16), y los factores de salud que explican significativamente la presencia de la anemia son recibió hierro en polvo como micronutrientes del MINSA en los últimos doce meses (OR=1.15) y no realización del control de crecimiento y desarrollo al infante (OR=1.13)
Abstract The present research is non-experimental, cross-sectional, and causal-correlational in nature, with the objective of determining the sociodemographic and health factors that explain the presence of anemia in children under 5 years old in Peru in 2022. The study included a sample of 19,797 children, of whom 7,294 had anemia and 12,503 did not. The data were collected through the 2022 Demographic and Family Health Survey. A multiple binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors explaining the presence of anemia, utilizing Microsoft Excel version 2016 and the statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The results indicate that the sociodemographic factors that significantly explain the presence of anemia in these children are the child’s age (OR=3.52), gender (OR=1.16), area of residence (OR=1.23), mother’s age (OR=1.49), wealth index (OR=1.84), and household size (OR=1.16). The health factors that significantly explain the presence of anemia are receiving iron in micronutrients from the Ministry of Health (MINSA) in the last 12 months (OR=1.15) and not having undergone child growth and development monitoring (OR=1.13)
Abstract The present research is non-experimental, cross-sectional, and causal-correlational in nature, with the objective of determining the sociodemographic and health factors that explain the presence of anemia in children under 5 years old in Peru in 2022. The study included a sample of 19,797 children, of whom 7,294 had anemia and 12,503 did not. The data were collected through the 2022 Demographic and Family Health Survey. A multiple binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors explaining the presence of anemia, utilizing Microsoft Excel version 2016 and the statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The results indicate that the sociodemographic factors that significantly explain the presence of anemia in these children are the child’s age (OR=3.52), gender (OR=1.16), area of residence (OR=1.23), mother’s age (OR=1.49), wealth index (OR=1.84), and household size (OR=1.16). The health factors that significantly explain the presence of anemia are receiving iron in micronutrients from the Ministry of Health (MINSA) in the last 12 months (OR=1.15) and not having undergone child growth and development monitoring (OR=1.13)
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Keywords
Anemia, micronutrientes, odds ratio, factores de salud, modelo de regresión logística