Manejo integrado de oídiosis en Vitis vinifera L. en Talambo, Chepén, La Libertad
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Date
2025
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Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en la empresa agrícola Agro Norte Corp S.A.C., ubicada en el centro poblado de Talambo, distrito de Chepén, provincia de Chepén, región La Libertad; ubicado con las coordenadas de latitud 7°13'49.79'' S, longitud 79°23'07.25'' W; teniendo como objetivo evaluar el manejo integrado de oídiosis en Vitis vinifera L. Para la evaluación de la incidencia de la enfermedad se tomó 40 plantas al azar/ha y en cada planta se evaluó 4 hojas del tercio superior, 4 hojas del tercio medio y 4 hojas del tercio inferior en las cuales se determinó la presencia o ausencia de síntomas de la enfermedad y se expresó en porcentaje, para determinar la severidad se evalúo las mismas hojas y se utilizó una escala en grados que expresan el porcentaje de área foliar afectada con la enfermedad. Con los datos de las evaluaciones se determinó las medidas de control pertinentes dentro de las cuales se emplean prácticas de tipo cultural como recojo y eliminación de broza, desbrote y raleo. Cuando los porcentajes de incidencia y severidad superan el 15% se inicia el control químico preventivo alternando fungicidas de contacto y sistémicos de diferente composición química, los cuales se aplican durante las etapas fenológicas de brotamiento, cuajado y fructificación. Al término de la etapa fenológica de fructificación solamente se emplean biofungicidas a base de Bacillus spp., ácido lactico + extracto de Saccharum officinarum y extracto de aceite del árbol de té (Melaleuca alternifolia).
ABSTRACT This research work was carried out in the agricultural company Agro Norte Corp S.A.C., located in the town of Talambo, district of Chepén, province of Chepén, La Libertad region; located with the coordinates of latitude 7 ° 13'49.79 '' S, longitude 79 ° 23'07.25 '' W; with the objective of evaluating the integrated management of oidiosis in Vitis vinifera L. To evaluate the incidence of the disease, 40 plants/ha were randomly taken and in each plant, 4 leaves from the upper third, 4 leaves from the middle third and 4 leaves from the lower third were evaluated, in which the presence or absence of symptoms of the disease was determined and expressed as a percentage, to determine the severity, the same leaves were evaluated and a scale in degrees was used that express the percentage of leaf area affected by the disease. Based on the assessment data, appropriate control measures were determined, using cultural practices such as clearing, weeding, and thinning. When incidence and severity rates exceed 15%, preventive chemical control is initiated, alternating contact and systemic fungicides with different chemical compositions. These fungicides are applied during the phenological stages of sprouting, fruit set, and fruiting. At the end of the fruiting phenological stage, biofungicides based exclusively on Bacillus spp., lactic acid + Saccharum officinarum extract, and tea tree oil extract (Melaleuca alternifolia) are used.
ABSTRACT This research work was carried out in the agricultural company Agro Norte Corp S.A.C., located in the town of Talambo, district of Chepén, province of Chepén, La Libertad region; located with the coordinates of latitude 7 ° 13'49.79 '' S, longitude 79 ° 23'07.25 '' W; with the objective of evaluating the integrated management of oidiosis in Vitis vinifera L. To evaluate the incidence of the disease, 40 plants/ha were randomly taken and in each plant, 4 leaves from the upper third, 4 leaves from the middle third and 4 leaves from the lower third were evaluated, in which the presence or absence of symptoms of the disease was determined and expressed as a percentage, to determine the severity, the same leaves were evaluated and a scale in degrees was used that express the percentage of leaf area affected by the disease. Based on the assessment data, appropriate control measures were determined, using cultural practices such as clearing, weeding, and thinning. When incidence and severity rates exceed 15%, preventive chemical control is initiated, alternating contact and systemic fungicides with different chemical compositions. These fungicides are applied during the phenological stages of sprouting, fruit set, and fruiting. At the end of the fruiting phenological stage, biofungicides based exclusively on Bacillus spp., lactic acid + Saccharum officinarum extract, and tea tree oil extract (Melaleuca alternifolia) are used.
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Keywords
Vitis vinífera, Biofungicida, Incidencia, Severidad, Ingrediente activo