Inventario taxonómico, fitogeográfico y etnobotánico de la flora promisoria del ACP Lomas del Cerro Campana, La Libertad, Perú
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
Abstract
Las comunidades lomales, sui generis de Perú y Chile, son el resultado de las lloviznas invernales; que generan un ambiente propicio para que la mayoría de las especies vegetales, sobre todo las endémicas, desarrollen todas sus fases fenológicas en un lapso de 2- 3 meses; flora que a lo largo de la historia ha aportado al hombre peruano, alimento, medicina, forraje, ornamento y lo que es más importante, gran parte de estos recursos son fuente de germoplasma para el mejoramiento de muchas especies domesticadas y cultivadas en Perú y el mundo, como la “papa”, la “quinua”, el “tomate”, etc. Lamentablemente, este ecosistema frágil viene siendo alterado constantemente, por diversas actividades antrópicas, como: el aprovechamiento de material no metálico por las canteras, apropiación ilícita de áreas dentro del ACP para la siembra de monocultivos, incendios forestales y presencia de galpones, sobre todo. En tal sentido, se propuso como objetivo de investigación realizar el inventario taxonómico, fitogeográfico y etnobotánico de la flora promisoria del ACP lomas del cerro campana. Para ello, se realizaron 12 exploraciones botánicas entre el 2021 y 2022, abarcando las 4 estaciones del año, donde se evaluaron, a las especies de flora promisoria, mediante el muestreo Sistemático estratificado, con un tamaño de muestra N=6; a la par de aplicar entrevistas semiestructuradas a la población Trujillana, que permitieron recabar datos referentes a los caracteres taxonómicos, fitogeográficos y etnobotánicos de cada especie. Finalmente se contrastó toda información obtenida, para luego organizarlas y plasmarlas en resultados confiables, como base para posteriores investigaciones. Se concluye que el Área de Conservación Privada ACP Lomas del Cerro Campana, alberga 84 especies promisorias, distribuidas en 66 géneros y 34 familias, siendo las Poaceae, Asteraceae, cactaceae, Solanaceae y Malvaceae, las más representativas por su número de especies. Asimismo,los usos atribuidos a la flora promisoria se enmarcan en 11 categorías, destacando de ellos, el uso medicinal (37.14%), Otros usos (18.10%), ornamental (14.29%), forrajero (10.48%), potencial genético (9.52%), cercos vivos (2.86%), alimenticio (2.86%), textil (1.90%), en la elaboración de herramientas o utensilios (0.95%), tintórea (0.95%) y textil (0.95%).
Lomal communities, unique to Peru and Chile, are the result of winter drizzles that create a favorable environment for the majority of plant species, especially endemic ones, to go through their entire phenological phases within a span of 2-3 months. Throughout history, this flora has provided the Peruvian people with food, medicine, fodder, ornamentation, and most importantly, a significant portion of these resources serve as a germplasm source for the improvement of many domesticated and cultivated species in Peru and the world, such as "potato," "quinoa," "tomato," etc. Unfortunately, this fragile ecosystem has been constantly altered by various human activities, including non-metallic material extraction by quarries, illegal appropriation of areas within the Private Conservation Area (PCA) for monoculture planting, forest fires, and the presence of sheds, among others. In this regard, the research objective was to carry out the taxonomic, phytogeographic, and ethnobotanical inventory of the promising flora in the ACP Lomas del Cerro Campana. To achieve this, 12 botanical explorations were conducted between 2021 and 2022, covering all four seasons of the year. Promising flora species were evaluated using stratified systematic sampling, with a sample size of N=6. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the population of Trujillo to collect data on the taxonomic, phytogeographic, and ethnobotanical characteristics of each species. Finally, all the collected information was contrasted, organized, and presented as reliable results, serving as a basis for future research. It is concluded that the Private Conservation Area ACP Lomas del Cerro Campana houses 84 promising species distributed among 66 genera and 34 families, with Poaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae, Solanaceae, and Malvaceae being the most representative families in terms of species number. Furthermore, the uses attributed to the promising flora fall into 11 categories, with medicinal use (37.14%), other uses (18.10%), ornamental use (14.29%), fodder use (10.48%), genetic potential (9.52%), living fences (2.86%), food use (2.86%), textile use (1.90%), tool or utensil manufacturing (0.95%), dyeing (0.95%), and fuel (0.95%) being the prominent ones.
Lomal communities, unique to Peru and Chile, are the result of winter drizzles that create a favorable environment for the majority of plant species, especially endemic ones, to go through their entire phenological phases within a span of 2-3 months. Throughout history, this flora has provided the Peruvian people with food, medicine, fodder, ornamentation, and most importantly, a significant portion of these resources serve as a germplasm source for the improvement of many domesticated and cultivated species in Peru and the world, such as "potato," "quinoa," "tomato," etc. Unfortunately, this fragile ecosystem has been constantly altered by various human activities, including non-metallic material extraction by quarries, illegal appropriation of areas within the Private Conservation Area (PCA) for monoculture planting, forest fires, and the presence of sheds, among others. In this regard, the research objective was to carry out the taxonomic, phytogeographic, and ethnobotanical inventory of the promising flora in the ACP Lomas del Cerro Campana. To achieve this, 12 botanical explorations were conducted between 2021 and 2022, covering all four seasons of the year. Promising flora species were evaluated using stratified systematic sampling, with a sample size of N=6. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the population of Trujillo to collect data on the taxonomic, phytogeographic, and ethnobotanical characteristics of each species. Finally, all the collected information was contrasted, organized, and presented as reliable results, serving as a basis for future research. It is concluded that the Private Conservation Area ACP Lomas del Cerro Campana houses 84 promising species distributed among 66 genera and 34 families, with Poaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae, Solanaceae, and Malvaceae being the most representative families in terms of species number. Furthermore, the uses attributed to the promising flora fall into 11 categories, with medicinal use (37.14%), other uses (18.10%), ornamental use (14.29%), fodder use (10.48%), genetic potential (9.52%), living fences (2.86%), food use (2.86%), textile use (1.90%), tool or utensil manufacturing (0.95%), dyeing (0.95%), and fuel (0.95%) being the prominent ones.
Description
Keywords
Área de conservación Privada, Lomas, Etnobotánica, Desarrollo sustentable